http://hdl.handle.net/2440/300 Search the Channel search http://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/simple-search http://hdl.handle.net/2440/53632 Title: Dasatinib suppresses in vitro natural killer cell cytotoxicity <br/> <br/>Author: Blake, Stephen James Palmer; Lyons, Alan Bruce; Fraser, Cara Kate; Hayball, John Dominic; Hughes, Timothy Peter Mon, 29 Oct 2007 22:58:59 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2440/53631 Title: A model for the detection of moving targets in visual clutter inspired by insect physiology <br/> <br/>Author: Wiederman, Steven; Shoemaker, Patrick A.; O'Carroll, David Charles <br/> <br/>Abstract: We present a computational model for target discrimination based on intracellular recordings from neurons in the fly visual system. Determining how insects detect and track small moving features, often against cluttered moving backgrounds, is an intriguing challenge, both from a physiological and a computational perspective. Previous research has characterized higher-order neurons within the fly brain, known as 'small target motion detectors' (STMD), that respond robustly to moving features, even when the velocity of the target is matched to the background (i.e. with no relative motion cues). We recorded from intermediate-order neurons in the fly visual system that are well suited as a component along the target detection pathway. This full-wave rectifying, transient cell (RTC) reveals independent adaptation to luminance changes of opposite signs (suggesting separate ON and OFF channels) and fast adaptive temporal mechanisms, similar to other cell types previously described. From this physiological data we have created a numerical model for target discrimination. This model includes nonlinear filtering based on the fly optics, the photoreceptors, the 1(st) order interneurons (Large Monopolar Cells), and the newly derived parameters for the RTC. We show that our RTC-based target detection model is well matched to properties described for the STMDs, such as contrast sensitivity, height tuning and velocity tuning. The model output shows that the spatiotemporal profile of small targets is sufficiently rare within natural scene imagery to allow our highly nonlinear 'matched filter' to successfully detect most targets from the background. Importantly, this model can explain this type of feature discrimination without the need for relative motion cues. Mon, 29 Oct 2007 22:58:59 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2440/53630 Title: Developmental origins of adult health and disease: The role of periconceptional and foetal nutrition <br/> <br/>Author: McMillen, Isabella Caroline; MacLaughlin, Severence; Muhlhausler, Beverly Sara; Gentili, Sheridan; Duffield, Jaime L.; Morrison, Janna Leigh <br/> <br/>Description: The definitive version may be found at www.wiley.com Mon, 29 Oct 2007 22:58:59 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2440/53629 Title: Treatment of adolescent overweight and obesity <br/> <br/>Author: Tsiros, Margarita D.; Sinn, Natalie; Coates, Alison Mary; Howe, Peter Ranald Charles; Buckley, Jonathan David <br/> <br/>Abstract: Adolescence is a vulnerable period for the development of obesity, and adolescent weight tracks strongly into adulthood. Previous reviews of treatment strategies have failed to discriminate between adolescents and children, thereby, disregarding the uniqueness of this population. Hence, this review aims to summarise the evidence for treatment approaches for adolescent obesity. Pubmed, OVID, EBSCOhost and Google Scholar were searched for randomised controlled trials, meta-analyses and systematic reviews testing treatments for overweight/obese adolescents (aged 12–19 years), published from 1982–2006 in English. Eligible studies had to assess either weight, percentage overweight, body mass index (BMI) or body fat. Thirty-four randomised controlled trials were eligible. The results of this review indicate that the safety and efficacy of surgical and pharmacotherapy treatments for adolescent obesity is uncertain. Diet and physical activity approaches may improve obese status in the short term. However, obesity interventions appear more effective when strategies are combined, rather than when used in isolation. Psychological interventions, such as behavioural and cognitive behavioural therapy, show promise in achieving the necessary lifestyle changes for obesity reduction; however, long-term follow-up studies are needed. There were multiple limitations in appraising the literature. Inconsistent definitions of overweight/obesity make comparisons between studies difficult. Many studies have not used direct adiposity measures, have failed to assess pubertal status or have not used an exclusive adolescent sample. We conclude that, despite these limitations, current evidence indicates that behavioural and cognitive behavioural strategies combined with diet and physical activity approaches may assist in reducing adolescent obesity,although long-term follow-up studies are needed. <br/> <br/>Description: The original publication can be found at www.springerlink.com Mon, 29 Oct 2007 22:58:59 GMT