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Perceptual underconfidence: a conceptual illusion?

Sat, 31 Dec 2011 13:30:00 GMT

Title: Perceptual underconfidence: a conceptual illusion? Author: Stankov, Lazar; Pallier, Gerry; Danthiir, Vanessa; Morony, Suzanne

Dietary protein counting as an alternative way of maintaining metabolic control in Phenylketonuria

Sat, 31 Dec 2011 13:30:00 GMT

Title: Dietary protein counting as an alternative way of maintaining metabolic control in Phenylketonuria Author: Sweeney, Annabel L.; Roberts, Rachel Margaret; Fletcher, Janice M.

Using the transtheoretical model of behaviour change to describe readiness to rescreen for colorectal cancer with faecal occult blood testing

Sat, 31 Dec 2011 13:30:00 GMT

Title: Using the transtheoretical model of behaviour change to describe readiness to rescreen for colorectal cancer with faecal occult blood testing Author: Duncan, Amy Claire; Turnbull, Deborah Anne; Gregory, Tess Anne; Cole, Stephen R.; Young, Graeme P.; Flight, Ingrid Helen Kowalewski; Wilson, Carlene June Abstract: ISSUE ADDRESSED: This study used the Transtheoretical Model of Behaviour Change (TTM) to describe reparticipation in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening according to social cognitive and background variables. METHODS: A random sample of men and women aged 50-74 years living in South Australia completed a questionnaire measuring TTM stage and attitudes toward screening using a faecal occult blood test (FOBT). Participants were categorised according to four stages of readiness to rescreen: action, maintenance, relapse and inconsistent. Multivariate techniques were used to determine predictors of lower readiness stages compared with maintenance. RESULTS: Of the 849 study participants, 29.9% were either non-adherent or had no intentions to maintain adherence (inconsistent and relapse). Compared with maintenance rescreeners, relapse participants reported less: social influences to screen (RR=0.86, p<0.001); satisfaction with prior screening (RR=0.87, p=0.03), self-efficacy (RR=0.96, p=0.01); and screening benefits (RR=0.84, p<0.001). Relapse participants were also more likely to not have private health insurance (RR=1.33, p=0.04) and be unaware of the need to repeat screening (RR=1.41, p=0.02). Inconsistent screeners were less likely to have planned when they will next rescreen (RR= 0.84, p=0.04) and reported greater barriers to rescreening (RR=1.05, p=0.05). Action participants were younger (RR= 0.98, p=<0.001), reported less social influences to screen (RR=0.94, p<0.001) and were less likely to have known someone who has had CRC (RR=0.82, p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Social cognitive, demographic and background variables significantly differentiated screening maintenance from lower readiness stages.

Accurately measuring inspection time with computers

Sat, 31 Dec 2011 13:30:00 GMT

Title: Accurately measuring inspection time with computers Author: Preiss, Adrian Kym; Burns, Nicholas Ralph Abstract: Accurately measuring inspection time (IT) with computers requires several considerations. They are: 1) Screen redraw period; 2) Synchronous and timely image presentation; 3) Stimulus duration timing; 4) Image scale invariance; 5) Stan dardized presentation format (of which image scale invariance is a part). The first consideration dictates a minimum duration available for measuring IT. The second and third are necessary for accurate stimulus duration. The fourth is necessary to provide scale invariant images, that is, images with the same visual angle at a given viewing distance on any computer. And the fifth ensures that participants everywhere respond to the same task. Our computer program em- bodies these elements and we make it freely available to any interested party. Data to establish validity and reliability are presented, and normative data on 2518 participants aged 6 to 92 years are available.