Agriculture, Food and Wine publications

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Browsing Agriculture, Food and Wine publications by Author "17th Australian Agronomy Conference (21 Sep 2015 - 24 Sep 2015 : Hobart, Tasmania)"

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    Adapting rain-fed sorghum agronomy to breeding progress - cropping system model parameterisation
    (Australian Society of Agronomy, 2015) George-Jaeggli, B.; Brider, J.; Broad, I.; Chenu, K.; Eyre, J.; Ferrante, A.; McLean, G.; Skerman, A.; Rodriguez, D.; 17th Australian Agronomy Conference (21 Sep 2015 - 24 Sep 2015 : Hobart, Tasmania); Acuna, T.; Moeller, C.; Parsons, D.; Harrison, M.
    Over the last decades, there has been considerable investment from the private and public sector in genetic improvement of sorghum hybrids, but the high yield potential of these new genotypes is not always achieved in farmers’ fields. Matching these new genotypes to seasonally optimised crop management has the potential to increase productivity. One of the best ways to determine a hybrid’s yield potential in a specific location, but also to identify best hybrid by environment by agronomic management combinations and to demonstrate benefits and trade-offs between productivity, investment and risks, is to use a crop model, such as APSIM (www.apsim.info). To enhance APSIM’s ability to predict grain yield for various sorghum genotypes, growth and development parameters of new hybrids have to be determined. Here we present flowering time data for one previous and eleven newly-released sorghum hybrids that were parameterised in specially-designed experiments with five different sowing times and the fit between model-predicted and observed values. This information, together with other growth parameters, will be used to parameterise the model to improve APSIM’s ability to simulate yield of the new sorghum types.
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    High yielding wheat in the northern region: impact of nitrogen fertilisation on grain yield and quality in modern cultivars
    (Australian Society of Agronomy, 2015) Ferrante, A.; Eyre, J.; George-Jaeggli, B.; McLean, J.; Chenu, K.; deVoil, P.; McLean, G.; Rodriguez, D.; 17th Australian Agronomy Conference (21 Sep 2015 - 24 Sep 2015 : Hobart, Tasmania); Acuna, T.; Moeller, C.; Parsons, D.; Harrison, M.
    Season to season variability in grain yields is the main factor determining farmers’ conservative investment strategies in dryland cropping. Yield differences among wheat cultivars and its responsiveness to resource availability are usually related to grain number per m2. The experience from Australia suggests that part of the low yields in dryland conditions might be due to low N availability, and that water use efficiency, yield, and grain quality could then be significantly improved by increasing N fertilizers rates. In this study, grain yield and quality were characterised for two recently released cultivars known to contrast for protein content. Crops were grown at Gatton, Queensland, under rainfed and irrigated conditions, and with three N levels. The aim of this study was to determine and quantify differences in yield and grain quality between different modern wheats grown in contrasting N and water conditions. Yield was significantly related to total dry biomass at maturity. Cultivar Suntop achieved higher biomass and yield than Spitfire beyond the treatments imposed, while Spitfire had a significantly greater percentage of grain protein than Suntop.
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    Maize yield determination in the Northern Region: hybrid by environment by management interactions
    (Australian Society of Agronomy, 2015) Ferrante, A.; Eyre, J.; George-Jaeggli, B.; McLean, J.; Chenu, K.; deVoil, P.; McLean, G.; Rodriguez, D.; 17th Australian Agronomy Conference (21 Sep 2015 - 24 Sep 2015 : Hobart, Tasmania); Acuna, T.; Moeller, C.; Parsons, D.; Harrison, M.
    In Maize, as with most cereals, grain yield is mostly determined by the total grain number per unit area, which is highly related to the rate of crop growth during the critical period around silking. Management practices such as plant density or nitrogen fertilization can affect the growth of the crop during this period, and consequently the final grain yield. Across the Northern Region maize is grown under a large range of plant populations under high year-to-year rainfall variability. Clear guidelines on how to match hybrids and management across environments and expected seasonal condition, would allow growers to increase yields and profits while managing risks. The objective of this research was to screen the response of commercial maize hybrids differing in maturity and prolificity (i.e. multi or single cobbing) types for their efficiency in the allocation of biomass into grain.