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 Type: Journal article Title: Estimating the contribution of dynamical ejecta in the kilonova associated with GW170817 Author: Abbott, B.Abbott, R.Abbott, T.Acernese, F.Ackley, K.Adams, C.Adams, T.Addesso, P.Adhikari, R.Adya, V.Affeldt, C.Afrough, M.Agarwal, B.Agathos, M.Agatsuma, K.Aggarwal, N.Aguiar, O.Aiello, L.Ain, A.Ajith, P.et al. Citation: Letters of the Astrophysical Journal, 2017; 850(2):L39-1-L39-13 Publisher: IOP Publishing Issue Date: 2017 ISSN: 2041-82052041-8213 Statement ofResponsibility: Miftar Ganija ... Won Kim ... Jesper Munch ... David J Ottaway ... Peter J Veitch ... el al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) Abstract: The source of the gravitational-wave (GW) signal GW170817, very likely a binary neutron star merger, was also observed electromagnetically, providing the first multi-messenger observations of this type. The two-week-long electromagnetic (EM) counterpart had a signature indicative of an r-process-induced optical transient known as a kilonova. This Letter examines how the mass of the dynamical ejecta can be estimated without a direct electromagnetic observation of the kilonova, using GW measurements and a phenomenological model calibrated to numerical simulations of mergers with dynamical ejecta. Specifically, we apply the model to the binary masses inferred from the GW measurements, and use the resulting mass of the dynamical ejecta to estimate its contribution (without the effects of wind ejecta) to the corresponding kilonova light curves from various models. The distributions of dynamical ejecta mass range between ${M}_{\mathrm{ej}}={10}^{-3}-{10}^{-2}\,{M}_{\odot }$ for various equations of state, assuming that the neutron stars are rotating slowly. In addition, we use our estimates of the dynamical ejecta mass and the neutron star merger rates inferred from GW170817 to constrain the contribution of events like this to the r-process element abundance in the Galaxy when ejecta mass from post-merger winds is neglected. We find that if gsim10% of the matter dynamically ejected from binary neutron star (BNS) mergers is converted to r-process elements, GW170817-like BNS mergers could fully account for the amount of r-process material observed in the Milky Way. Keywords: gravitational waves – methods: data analysis – stars: neutron Rights: © 2017. The American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/aa9478 Grant ID: ARC Published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa9478 Appears in Collections: Aurora harvest 3Physics publications

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