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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/112207
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Exploring causal associations between alcohol and coronary heart disease risk factors: findings from a Mendelian randomization study in the Copenhagen General Population Study |
Author: | Lawlor, D. Nordestgaard, B. Benn, M. Zuccolo, L. Tybjaerg-Hansen, A. Davey Smith, G. |
Citation: | European Heart Journal, 2013; 34(32):2519-2528 |
Publisher: | Oxford University Press |
Issue Date: | 2013 |
ISSN: | 0195-668X 1522-9645 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Debbie A. Lawlor, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Marianne Benn, Luisa Zuccolo, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, and George Davey Smith |
Abstract: | Aims: To explore the causal effect of long-term alcohol consumption on coronary heart disease risk factors. Methods and Results: We used variants in ADH1B and ADH1C genes as instrumental variables (IV) to estimate the causal effect of long-term alcohol consumption on body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), lipids, fibrinogen, and glucose. Analyses were undertaken in 54 604 Danes (mean age 56 years). Both confounder-adjusted multivariable and IV analyses suggested that a greater alcohol consumption among those who drank any alcohol resulted in a higher BP [mean difference in SBP per doubling of alcohol consumption among drinkers: 0.76 mmHg (95% CI: 0.63, 0.90) from multivariable analyses and 0.94 mmHg (-3.03, 4.69) from IV analyses; P-value for difference in these results = 0.95]. The positive association of alcohol with HDLc in the multivariable analyses [4.9% (4.7, 5.1)] appeared stronger than in the IV analyses [1.5% (-4.5, 7.4)], and the weak inverse association with fibrinogen in the multivariable analysis [-2.0% (-2.1, -1.8)] was not present in the IV analyses [0.6% (-3.8, 5.0)], but statistically the results for both of these could not be reliably distinguished from each other (P-values 0.21 and 0.32, respectively). The weak inverse association of alcohol with BMI [-0.13 kg/m² (-0.16, -0.10)] and with triglycerides [-0.4% (-0.7, 0.4)] in multivariable analyses were in contrast to the strong positive association of alcohol with BMI [1.37 kg/m² (0.59, 2.15)] and the strong inverse association with triglycerides [-14.9% (-25.6, -4.3)] in IV analyses; P = 0.006 and 0.01, respectively, for difference between the two. Alcohol was not associated with non-HDLc or glucose. Conclusion: Our results show adverse effects of long-term alcohol consumption on BP and BMI. We also found novel evidence for a potentially beneficial effect on triglyceride levels, which needs further replication. |
Keywords: | Alcohol; lipids; blood pressure; glucose; fibrinogen; ADH1B; ADH1C genes |
Rights: | Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2013. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oup.com |
DOI: | 10.1093/eurheartj/eht081 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/eht081 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 8 Medicine publications |
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