Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://hdl.handle.net/2440/118761
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Toward DNA-based T-cell mediated vaccines to target HIV-1 and hepatitis C virus: approaches to elicit localized immunity for protection |
Author: | Mekonnen, Z.A. Grubor-Bauk, B. Masavuli, M.G. Shrestha, A.C. Ranasinghe, C. Bull, R.A. Lloyd, A.R. Gowans, E.J. Wijesundara, D.K. |
Citation: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2019; 9(APR):1-8 |
Publisher: | Frontiers Media |
Issue Date: | 2019 |
ISSN: | 2235-2988 2235-2988 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Zelalem A. Mekonnen, Branka Grubor-Bauk, Makutiro G. Masavuli, Ashish C. Shrestha, Charani Ranasinghe, Rowena A. Bull, Andrew R. Lloyd, Eric J. Gowans, and Danushka K. Wijesundara |
Abstract: | Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major contributors to the global disease burden with many experts recognizing the requirement of an effective vaccine to bring a durable end to these viral epidemics. The most promising vaccine candidates that have advanced into pre-clinical models and the clinic to eliminate or provide protection against these chronic viruses are viral vectors [e.g., recombinant cytomegalovirus, Adenovirus, and modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)]. This raises the question, is there a need to develop DNA vaccines against HIV-1 and HCV? Since the initial study from Wolff and colleagues which showed that DNA represents a vector that can be used to express transgenes durably in vivo, DNA has been regularly evaluated as a vaccine vector albeit with limited success in large animal models and humans. However, several recent studies in Phase I-IIb trials showed that vaccination of patients with recombinant DNA represents a feasible therapeutic intervention to even cure cervical cancer, highlighting the potential of using DNA for human vaccinations. In this review, we will discuss the limitations and the strategies of using DNA as a vector to develop prophylactic T cell-mediated vaccines against HIV-1 and HCV. In particular, we focus on potential strategies exploiting DNA vectors to elicit protective localized CD8+ T cell immunity in the liver for HCV and in the cervicovaginal mucosa for HIV-1 as localized immunity will be an important, if not critical component, of an efficacious vaccine against these viral infections. |
Keywords: | DNA vaccine; hepatitis C; human immunodeficiency virus; HIV/AIDS; HCV, tissue-resident memory; T cell immunity |
Rights: | © 2019 Mekonnen, Grubor-Bauk, Masavuli, Shrestha, Ranasinghe, Bull, Lloyd, Gowans and Wijesundara. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
DOI: | 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00091 |
Grant ID: | http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1026293 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/525431 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/543139 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/543143 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1043067 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2019.00091 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 8 Medicine publications |
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hdl_118761.pdf | Published version | 506.37 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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