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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/120714
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | NK1-r antagonist treatment comparable to decompressive craniectomy in reducing intracranial pressure following stroke |
Author: | Sorby-Adams, A.J. Leonard, A. Hoving, J.W. Yassi, N. Vink, R. Wells, A.J. Turner, R.J. |
Citation: | Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2019; 13(JUL):681-1-681-12 |
Publisher: | Frontiers Media |
Issue Date: | 2019 |
ISSN: | 1662-4548 1662-453X |
Statement of Responsibility: | Annabel J. Sorby-Adams, Anna V. Leonard, Jan W. Hoving, Nawaf Yassi, Robert Vink, Adam J. Wells and Renée J. Turner |
Abstract: | Background and Purpose: The morbidity and early mortality associated with stroke is largely attributable to cerebral edema and elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). Existing pharmacotherapies do not target the underlying pathophysiology and are often ineffective in sustainably lowering ICP, whilst decompressive craniectomy (DC) surgery is life-saving yet with surgical/peri-operative risk and increased morbidity in the elderly. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for therapies that directly target the mechanisms of edema genesis. Neurogenic inflammation, mediated by substance P (SP) binding to the tachykinin NK1 receptor (NK1-r), is associated with blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, cerebral edema and poor outcome post-stroke. NK1-r antagonist treatment ameliorates BBB dysfunction and cerebral edema in rodent stroke models. However, treatment has not been investigated in a large animal model, an important step toward clinical translation. Consequently, the current study compared the efficacy of NK1-r antagonist treatment to DC surgery in reducing ICP post-stroke in a clinically relevant ovine model. Methods: Anesthetized female Merino sheep (65 ± 6 kg, 18-24 months) underwent sham surgery (n = 4) or permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (n = 22). Stroke animals were randomized into one of 5 treatments: 1×NK1 bolus (4 h), 2×NK1 bolus (4 h;9 h), 3×NK1 bolus (4 h;9 h;14 h), DC surgery (performed at 4 h) or saline vehicle. ICP, blood pressure and blood gasses were monitored for 24 h post-stroke. At 24 h post-stroke anesthetized animals underwent MRI followed by perfusion and brains removed and processed for histological assessment. Results: 2×NK1, 3×NK1 administration or DC surgery significantly (p < 0.05) reduced ICP compared to vehicle. 1×NK1 was ineffective in sustainably lowering ICP. On MRI, midline shift and cerebral edema were more marked in vehicles compared to NK1-r treatment groups. Conclusion: Two or three boluses of NK1-r antagonist treatment reduced ICP comparable to DC surgery, suggesting it may provide a novel alternative to invasive surgery for the management of elevated ICP. |
Keywords: | blood-brain barrier cerebral edema decompressive craniectomy intracranial pressure stroke substance P |
Rights: | © 2019 Sorby-Adams, Leonard, Hoving, Yassi, Vink, Wells and Turner. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
DOI: | 10.3389/fnins.2019.00681 |
Grant ID: | http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1082556 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00681 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 8 Medicine publications |
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