Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/2440/121084
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Type: Journal article
Title: Effects of intraduodenal administration of lauric acid and L-tryptophan, alone and combined, on gut hormones, pyloric pressures, and energy intake in healthy men
Author: McVeay, C.
Fitzgerald, P.C.E.
Ullrich, S.S.
Steinert, R.E.
Horowitz, M.
Feinle-Bisset, C.
Citation: Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 2019; 109(5):1335-1343
Publisher: Wiley
Issue Date: 2019
ISSN: 1350-1925
1938-3207
Statement of
Responsibility: 
Christina McVeay, Penelope C E Fitzgerald, Sina S Ullrich, Robert E Steinert, Michael Horowitz, Christine Feinle-Bisset
Abstract: BACKGROUND:The fatty acid, lauric acid ('C12'), and the amino acid, L-tryptophan ('Trp'), modulate gastrointestinal functions including gut hormones and pyloric pressures, which are important for the regulation of energy intake, and both potently suppress energy intake. OBJECTIVE:We hypothesized that the intraduodenal administration of C12 and Trp, at loads that do not affect energy intake individually, when combined will reduce energy intake, which is associated with greater modulation of gut hormones and pyloric pressures. DESIGN:Sixteen healthy, lean males (age: 24 ± 1.5 y) received 90-min intraduodenal infusions of saline (control), C12 (0.3 kcal/min), Trp (0.1 kcal/min), or C12 + Trp (0.4 kcal/min), in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study. Antropyloroduodenal pressures were measured continuously, and plasma cholecystokinin (CCK), ghrelin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations, appetite perceptions, and gastrointestinal symptoms at 15-min intervals. Immediately after the infusions, energy intake from a standardized buffet meal was quantified. RESULTS:C12 + Trp markedly reduced energy intake (kcal; control: 1,232 ± 72, C12: 1,180 ± 82, Trp: 1,269 ± 73, C12 + Trp: 1,056 ± 106), stimulated plasma CCK (AUC(area under the curve)0-90 min, pmol/L*min; control: 21 ± 8; C12: 129 ± 15; Trp: 97 ± 16; C12 + Trp: 229 ± 22) and GLP-1 (AUC0-90 min, pmol/L*min; control: 102 ± 41; C12: 522 ± 102; Trp: 198 ± 63; C12 + Trp: 545 ± 138), and suppressed ghrelin (AUC0-90 min, pg/mL*min; control: -3,433 ± 2,647; C12: -11,825 ± 3,521; Trp: -8,417 ± 3,734; C12 + Trp: -18,188 ± 4,165) concentrations, but did not stimulate tonic, or phasic, pyloric pressures, compared with the control (all P < 0.05), or have adverse effects. C12 and Trp each stimulated CCK (P < 0.05), but to a lesser degree than C12 + Trp, and did not suppress energy intake or ghrelin. C12, but not Trp, stimulated GLP-1 (P < 0.05) and phasic pyloric pressures (P < 0.05), compared with the control. CONCLUSION:The combined intraduodenal administration of C12 and Trp, at loads that individually do not affect energy intake, substantially reduces energy intake, which is associated with a marked stimulation of CCK and suppression of ghrelin. The study was registered as a clinical trial at the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (www.anzctr.org.au,) as 12613000899741.
Keywords: amino acid
cholecystokinin
fatty acid
food intake
ghrelin
glucagon-like peptide-1
Rights: © American Society for Nutrition 2019. This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model)
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz020
Grant ID: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1078471
http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/627002
http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1103020
Published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz020
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