Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/2440/129390
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Type: Journal article
Title: Retinal pigment epithelium in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration and photobiomodulation as a potential therapy?
Author: Ao, J.
Wood, J.
Chidlow, G.
Gillies, M.
Casson, R.
Citation: Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, 2018; 46(6):670-686
Publisher: Wiley
Issue Date: 2018
ISSN: 1442-6404
1442-9071
Statement of
Responsibility: 
Jack Ao, John PM Wood, Glyn Chidlow, Mark C Gillies and Robert J Casson
Abstract: The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) comprises a monolayer of cells located between the neuroretina and the choriocapillaries. The RPE serves several important functions in the eye: formation of the blood retinal barrier, protection of the retina from oxidative stress, nutrient delivery and waste disposal, ionic homeostasis, phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments, synthesis and release of growth factors, reisomerization of all-trans-retinal during the visual cycle, and establishment of ocular immune privilege. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in developed countries. Dysfunction of the RPE has been associated with the pathogenesis of AMD in relation to increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial destabilization and complement dysregulation. Photobiomodulation or near infrared light therapy which refers to non-invasive irradiation of tissue with light in the far-red to near-infrared light spectrum (630-1000 nm), is an intervention that specifically targets key mechanisms of RPE dysfunction that are implicated in AMD pathogenesis. The current evidence for the efficacy of photobiomodulation in AMD is poor but its safety profile and proposed mechanisms of action motivate further research as a novel therapy for AMD.
Keywords: age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
low light therapy
near infrared light
photobiomodulation
retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)
Rights: © 2017 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists
DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13121
Published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ceo.13121
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