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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/66209
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Associations between income inequality and mortality among US states: the importance of time period and source of income data |
Author: | Lynch, J. Harper, S. Kaplan, G. Davey-Smith, G. |
Citation: | American Journal of Public Health, 2005; 95(4):1424-1430 |
Publisher: | Amer Public Health Assoc Inc |
Issue Date: | 2005 |
ISSN: | 0090-0036 1541-0048 |
Statement of Responsibility: | John Lynch, Sam Harper, George A. Kaplan, and George Davey Smith |
Abstract: | Objectives. We used census data to examine associations between income inequality and mortality among US states for each decade from 1949 to 1999 and tax return income data to estimate associations for 1989. Methods. Cross-sectional correlation analyses were used to assess income inequality–mortality relationships. Results. Census income analyses revealed little association between income inequality and mortality for 1949, 1959, or 1969. An association emerged for 1979 and strengthened for 1989 but weakened for 1999. When income inequality was based on tax return data, associations were weaker for both 1989 and 1999. Conclusions. The strong association between income inequality and mortality observed among US states for 1989 was not observed for other periods from 1949 through 1999. In addition, when tax return rather than census data were used, the association was weaker for 1989 and 1999. The potential for distal social determinants of population health (e.g., income inequality) to affect mortality is contingent on how such determinants influence levels of proximal risk factors and the time lags between exposure to those risk factors and effects on specific health outcomes. |
Keywords: | Humans Mortality Risk Factors Cross-Sectional Studies Sociology, Medical Censuses Social Class Social Justice Socioeconomic Factors Income United States |
Rights: | © 2005 American Public Health Association |
DOI: | 10.2105/AJPH.2004.048439 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2004.048439 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 5 Public Health publications |
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