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Type: Journal article
Title: Cell wall modifications in maize pulvini in response to gravitational stress
Author: Zhang, Q.
Pettolino, F.
Dhugga, K.
Rafalski, J.
Tingey, S.
Taylor, J.
Shirley, N.
Hayes, K.
Beatty, M.
Abrams, S.
Zaharia, L.
Burton, R.
Bacic, A.
Fincher, G.
Citation: Plant Physiology, 2011; 156(4):2155-2171
Publisher: Amer Soc Plant Physiologists
Issue Date: 2011
ISSN: 0032-0889
1532-2548
Organisation: Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics (ACPFG)
Statement of
Responsibility: 
Qisen Zhang, Filomena A. Pettolino, Kanwarpal S. Dhugga, J. Antoni Rafalski, Scott Tingey, Jillian Taylor, Neil J. Shirley, Kevin Hayes, Mary Beatty, Suzanne R. Abrams, L. Irina Zaharia, Rachel A. Burton, Antony Bacic, and Geoffrey B. Fincher
Abstract: Changes in cell wall polysaccharides, transcript abundance, metabolite profiles, and hormone concentrations were monitored in the upper and lower regions of maize (Zea mays) pulvini in response to gravistimulation, during which maize plants placed in a horizontal position returned to the vertical orientation. Heteroxylan levels increased in the lower regions of the pulvini, together with lignin, but xyloglucans and heteromannan contents decreased. The degree of substitution of heteroxylan with arabinofuranosyl residues decreased in the lower pulvini, which exhibited increased mechanical strength as the plants returned to the vertical position. Few or no changes in noncellulosic wall polysaccharides could be detected on the upper side of the pulvinus, and crystalline cellulose content remained essentially constant in both the upper and lower pulvinus. Microarray analyses showed that spatial and temporal changes in transcript profiles were consistent with the changes in wall composition that were observed in the lower regions of the pulvinus. In addition, the microarray analyses indicated that metabolic pathways leading to the biosynthesis of phytohormones were differentially activated in the upper and lower regions of the pulvinus in response to gravistimulation. Metabolite profiles and measured hormone concentrations were consistent with the microarray data, insofar as auxin, physiologically active gibberellic acid, and metabolites potentially involved in lignin biosynthesis increased in the elongating cells of the lower pulvinus.
Keywords: Cell Wall
Zea mays
Pulvinus
Plant Stems
Cellulose
Lignin
Glycosyltransferases
Nucleotides
Polysaccharides
Xylans
Plant Growth Regulators
RNA, Messenger
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Reproducibility of Results
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Gravitropism
Transcription, Genetic
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Genes, Plant
Gravitation
Models, Biological
Stress, Physiological
Metabolomics
Biomechanical Phenomena
Rights: © 2011 American Society of Plant Biologists
DOI: 10.1104/pp.111.179606
Grant ID: ARC
Published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.111.179606
Appears in Collections:Aurora harvest
Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics publications

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