Strategies for cancer prevention in India - catching the 'low hanging fruits'

Abstract

Cancer is a growing problem in India, with over 1 million new cases estimated in 2012 alone. In November 2013, organizers of the Indian Cancer Congress (a joint meeting of four of the largest oncology associations in India) invited a panel with mixed expertise including epidemiology, surgical oncology, health economics, environmental science, and health systems to conduct a round table meeting on strategies for cancer prevention in India, with a special focus on non-tobacco risk factors. We present a summary of the group recommendations here. While tobacco use remains the most important preventable cause of cancer, a substantial number of preventable cancers can be attributed to non-tobacco risk factors including infections, alcohol use, dietary factors, physical activity/body composition, and environmental and occupational exposures. Strategies presented range from early diagnosis of cancers (including innovative health communication strategies to increase awareness), to consideration of secure spaces and facilities for exercise in urban design and planning. Cancer prevention and the control of non-communicable disease risk factors should be an integral part of the risk-benefit analysis of cross-sectoral and international trade agreements, as well as public policy directed at the Indian agro-economy.