Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/2440/94396
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Type: Journal article
Title: The use of ultrasound in comparison to radiography in magnetically controlled growth rod lengthening measurement: a prospective study
Author: Yoon, W.
Chang, A.
Tyler, P.
Butt, S.
Raniga, S.
Noordeen, H.
Citation: European Spine Journal, 2015; 24(7):1422-1426
Publisher: Springer
Issue Date: 2015
ISSN: 0940-6719
1432-0932
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Responsibility: 
Wai Weng Yoon, Angela Christine Chang, Philippa Tyler, Sajid Butt, Sameer Raniga, Hilali Noordeen
Abstract: Purpose This study investigated whether ultrasound (U/ S) is an alternative to radiography when measuring magnetically controlled growth rod (MCGR) length in order to reduce radiation exposure. Distractible spinal growth rods are the gold standard when treating early-onset scoliosis (EOS). Methods This was a prospective series. Patients were already undergoing EOS treatment using MCGRs. Forty-eight data points measured using radiography and U/S were compared. Each U/S data point was measured three times by three observers to assess intra- and inter-observer reliability. The radiation dose of the pre-lengthening and post-lengthening radiographs was recorded. Results The average rod lengths were 1.322 cm with U/S and 1.329 cm with radiography. The ICC (radiography vs. U/S) was 0.992 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.976, 1.000). The inter- and intra-rater reliability of U/S had an ICC of 0.987 (95 % CI 0.966, 1.000) and 0.983 (95 % CI 0.956, 1.000), respectively. The mean total effective radiation dose of the pre-lengthening and post-lengthening PA spinal radiographs was 0.26 mSv with a mean attributable lifetime cancer risk of one in 39,686 per lengthening. Conclusion U/S highly agrees with radiography when measuring MCGR length. It has a high inter- and intra-observer reliability and does not require radiation exposure. Although U/S allows accurate MCGR measurement and soft tissue assessment, patients will still need occasional radiographs to assess spine bony elements, overall spinal balance and scoliosis correction. Combining radiography and U/S allows patient monitoring and accurate MCGR measurement whilst decreasing patients’ radiation exposure.
Keywords: Early-onset scoliosis; magnetically controlled growth rods; ultrasound; radiography; radiation dose
Rights: © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
DOI: 10.1007/s00586-014-3589-z
Published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-014-3589-z
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