Advanced Numerical Approaches for Magnetic Force Calculations: A Comprehensive Review

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dc.contributor.authorYang, Y.
dc.contributor.authorRobertson, W.
dc.contributor.authorJafari, A.
dc.contributor.authorArjomandi, M.
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractMagnetic forces play a significant role in modern engineering applications, from medical imaging, data storage to transportation and industrial machinery. Accurate and efficient computational methods for magnetic force are necessary for engineering design and optimisation. However, different methods are typically based on distinct assumptions and are suited to different application scenarios. To assist researchers and engineers in selecting the most appropriate method for their specific needs, this review provides a comprehensive overview of various numerical approaches for calculating magnetic forces across different magnetic systems. Several key methods such as Dipole Method, Filament Method, Finite Element Method (FEM), Energy Method, Maxwell Tensor Method, Integral Method and Boundary Element Method (BEM) are discussed in detail, demonstrating their fundamental theories, applicable scenarios, advantages, and limitations. Recent advancements and improved versions of these methods are also covered, demonstrating their enhanced accuracy and efficiency. In addition, the potential solutions of these methods and future directions of developing advanced magnetic force computation techniques are also discussed in this paper.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityYuxin Yang, William S.P. Robertson, Azadeh Jafari, and Maziar Arjomandi
dc.identifier.citationProgress In Electromagnetics Research B, 2025; 115:78-94
dc.identifier.doi10.2528/PIERB25071902
dc.identifier.issn1937-6472
dc.identifier.issn1937-6472
dc.identifier.orcidYang, Y. [0000-0002-8519-3117] [0000-0003-1988-8401]
dc.identifier.orcidRobertson, W. [0000-0001-7351-8378]
dc.identifier.orcidArjomandi, M. [0000-0002-7669-2221]
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2440/147709
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherEMW Publishing
dc.rightsCopyright Status Unknown. Published by The Electromagnetic Academy.
dc.source.urihttps://www.jpier.org/issues/volume.html?paper=25071902
dc.subjectMagnetic Force Calculations
dc.titleAdvanced Numerical Approaches for Magnetic Force Calculations: A Comprehensive Review
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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