MicroRNAs and their roles in wound repair and regeneration
Date
2013
Authors
Mills, S.J.
Cowin, A.J.
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Journal article
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Wound Practice and Research, 2013; 21(1):26-40
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Abstract
Areas of non-coding DNA, originally termed “junk DNA”, contain sequences for small non-coding RNAs, which when processed into smaller products called microRNAs (miRNAs), facilitate a high level of control on gene transcription and protein production. MiRNAs have been identified in the skin controlling processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, and as such they have been shown to have important roles in skin morphogenesis, wound healing and regeneration. They can exert control by up-regulating as well as down-regulating specific processes. Additionally, there is a high degree of complexity with miRNAs with one miRNA capable of controlling many genes and more than one miRNA per gene so they can potentially offer a broad treatment therapy rather than a single gene targeting approach. Thus, miRNAs provide an interesting and exciting opportunity to develop new therapeutics and for furthering our understanding of the regulatory control in disease. Here we review the current knowledge of miRNA expression and function in the skin and how miRNAs may modulate wound repair and tissue regeneration.
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Copyright 2013 Cambridge University Press