Incomplete transcriptional dosage compensation of chicken and platypus sex chromosomes is balanced by post-transcriptional compensation
Files
(Published version)
Date
2024
Authors
Lister, N.C.
Milton, A.M.
Patel, H.R.
Waters, S.A.
Hanrahan, B.J.
McIntyre, K.L.
Livernois, A.M.
Horspool, W.B.
Wee, L.K.
Ringel, A.R.
Editors
Advisors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Type:
Journal article
Citation
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2024; 121(32):e2322360121-1-e2322360121-7
Statement of Responsibility
Nicholas C. Lister, Ashley M. Milton, Hardip R. Patel, Shafagh A. Waters, Benjamin J. Hanrahan, Kim L. McIntyre, Alexandra M. Livernois, William B. Horspool, Lee Kian Wee, Alessa R. Ringel, Stefan Mundlos, Michael I. Robson, Linda Shearwin-Whyatt, Frank Grützner, Jennifer A. Marshall Graves, Aurora Ruiz-Herrera, and Paul D. Waters
Conference Name
Abstract
Heteromorphic sex chromosomes (XY or ZW) present problems of gene dosage imbalance between sexes and with autosomes. A need for dosage compensation has long been thought to be critical in vertebrates. However, this was questioned by findings of unequal mRNA abundance measurements in monotreme mammals and birds. Here, we demonstrate unbalanced mRNA levels of X genes in platypus males and females and a correlation with differential loading of histone modifications. We also observed unbalanced transcripts of Z genes in chicken. Surprisingly, however, we found that protein abundance ratios were 1:1 between the sexes in both species, indicating a post-transcriptional layer of dosage compensation. We conclude that sex chromosome output is maintained in chicken and platypus (and perhaps many other non therian vertebrates) via a combination of transcriptional and post-transcriptional control, consistent with a critical importance of sex chromosome dosage compensation.
School/Discipline
Dissertation Note
Provenance
Description
Published July 29, 2024.
Access Status
Rights
© 2024 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC- ND).