Chemical kinetic modeling and parameter sensitivity analysis for the carbonation of Ca²⁺and Mg²⁺ under ambient conditions
Date
2017
Authors
Hosseini, T.
Daneshpayeh, M.
Selomulya, C.
Haque, N.
Zhang, L.
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Hydrometallurgy, 2017; 167:141-152
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Tahereh Hosseini, Mahdi Daneshpayeh, Cordelia Selomulya, Nawshad Haque, Lian Zhang
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Abstract
A reaction model was developed to predict kinetic parameters and competition of Mg2 + and Ca2 + ions during carbonation in mild conditions, i.e. ambient temperature and up to 3 atm for the CO2 partial pressure. The experimental carbonation results at different temperatures, Mg2 +/Ca2 + ratios, and atmospheric pressure were used to validate and predict the kinetic parameters of individual reactions in the aqueous phase by applying genetic algorithm and reactor modeling. This model showed a good agreement with experimental results, and satisfactorily predicted the competition between Mg2 + and Ca2 + and the formation of magnesian calcite (MgNCa(1 − N)CO3). In addition, a sensitivity analysis was conducted based on the validated kinetic model to maximize the precipitation rates of Mg2 + and Ca2 +. It was found that the final yield for magnesian calcite is the highest for the Mg2 +/Ca2 + molar ratio of 1, referring to an equal concentration of two cations in the leachate. This suggests the strongest synergy between both cations for their co-precipitation. The optimum ammonia amount used as a pH-swing agent was found to be equal to the amount of ammonia released from the leaching stage in a closed loop leaching-carbonation. This amount of ammonia led to ~ 100% Mg2 + and Ca2 + precipitation along with the highest magnesian calcite precipitation yield.
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© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.