Activation of the sphingosine kinase-signaling pathway by high glucose mediates the proinflammatory phenotype of endothelial cells

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dc.contributor.authorWang, L.
dc.contributor.authorXing, X.
dc.contributor.authorHolmes, A.
dc.contributor.authorWadham, C.
dc.contributor.authorGamble, J.
dc.contributor.authorVadas, M.
dc.contributor.authorXia, P.
dc.date.issued2005
dc.description.abstractVascular endothelial cells are key targets for hyperglycemic damage that facilitates vascular inflammation and the vasculopathy associated with diabetes mellitus. However, the mechanisms underlying this damage remain undefined. We now demonstrate that hyperglycemia induces activation of sphingosine kinase (SphK), which represents a novel signaling pathway that mediates endothelial damage under ambient high glucose conditions. SphK activity was significantly increased in aorta and heart of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Interestingly, this increase in SphK activity was prevented by insulin treatment, which achieved euglycemia in the diabetic animals. Hyperglycemia-induced increase in SphK activity was also evident in endothelial cells that received long-term exposure to high glucose (22 mmol/L). Studies using a small interfering RNA strategy demonstrated that endogenous SphK1, but not SphK2, is the major isoenzyme that was activated by high glucose. In addition, an increase in SphK1 phosphorylation was detected in a protein kinase C- and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2-dependent manner, which accounts for the high glucose-induced increases in SphK activity. Importantly, inhibition of SphK1 by either a chemical inhibitor (N',N'-dimethylsphingosine) or expression of a dominant-negative mutant of SphK1 (SphK(G82D)), or SphK1-specific small interfering RNA, strongly protected endothelial cells against high glucose-induced damage, as characterized by an attenuation in the expression of proinflammatory adhesion molecules, adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells, and nuclear factor kappaB activation. Thus, interventions that target the SphK-signaling pathway may have the potential to prevent vascular lesions under hyperglycemic conditions.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityLijun Wang,Xiao-Ping Xing,Andrew Holmes,Carol Wadham,Jennifer R. Gamble,Mathew A. Vadas,Pu Xia
dc.identifier.citationCirculation Research, 2005; 97(9):891-899
dc.identifier.doi10.1161/01.RES.0000187469.82595.15
dc.identifier.issn0009-7330
dc.identifier.issn1524-4571
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/17484
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherLippincott Williams & Wilkins
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1161/01.res.0000187469.82595.15
dc.subjectCells, Cultured
dc.subjectEndothelial Cells
dc.subjectAnimals
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectRats
dc.subjectRats, Sprague-Dawley
dc.subjectDiabetic Angiopathies
dc.subjectDiabetes Mellitus, Experimental
dc.subjectHyperglycemia
dc.subjectInflammation
dc.subjectStreptozocin
dc.subjectPertussis Toxin
dc.subjectPhosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)
dc.subjectExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases
dc.subjectProtein Kinase C
dc.subjectNF-kappa B
dc.subjectReceptors, Lysosphingolipid
dc.subjectSignal Transduction
dc.subjectEnzyme Activation
dc.subjectPhosphorylation
dc.subjectPhenotype
dc.subjectMale
dc.titleActivation of the sphingosine kinase-signaling pathway by high glucose mediates the proinflammatory phenotype of endothelial cells
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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