Trajectory of post-traumatic stress following traumatic injury: 6-year follow-up
Date
2015
Authors
Bryant, R.
Nickerson, A.
Creamer, M.
O'Donnell, M.
Forbes, D.
Galatzer-Levy, I.
McFarlane, A.
Silove, D.
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Journal article
Citation
The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement, 2015; 206(5):417-423
Statement of Responsibility
Richard A. Bryant, Angela Nickerson, Mark Creamer, Meaghan O’Donnell, David Forbes, Isaac Galatzer-Levy, Alexander C. McFarlane and Derrick Silove
Conference Name
Abstract
Background Traumatic injuries affect millions of patients each year, and resulting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) significantly contributes to subsequent impairment. Aims To map the distinctive long-term trajectories of PTSD responses over 6 years by using latent growth mixture modelling. Method Randomly selected injury patients (n = 1084) admitted to four hospitals around Australia were assessed in hospital, and at 3, 12, 24 and 72 months. Lifetime psychiatric history and current PTSD severity and funxctioning were assessed. Results Five trajectories of PTSD response were noted across the 6 years: (a) chronic (4%), (b) recovery (6%), (c) worsening/recovery (8%), (d) worsening (10%) and (e) resilient (73%). A poorer trajectory was predicted by female gender, recent life stressors, presence of mild traumatic brain injury and admission to intensive care unit. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the long-term PTSD effects that can occur following traumatic injury. The different trajectories highlight that monitoring a subset of patients over time is probably a more accurate means of identifying PTSD rather than relying on factors that can be assessed during hospital admission.
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© The Royal College of Psychiatrists 2015