Cardiovascular medications and treatment outcomes in multiple myeloma: insights from phase III clinical trials
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Date
2026
Authors
Abuhelwa, A.Y.
Almansour, S.A.
Al-Shamsi, H.O.
Abuhelwa, Z.
Alqudah, M.A.Y.
Bustanji, Y.
Semreen, M.H.
Alzoubi, K.H.
Modi, N.D.
McKinnon, R.A.
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Journal article
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Scientific Reports, 2026; 16(1):7683-1-7683-16
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Ahmad Y. Abuhelwa, Sara A Almansour, Humaid O. Al-Shamsi, Ziad Abuhelwa, Mohammad A. Y. Alqudah, Yasser Bustanji, Mohammad H Semreen, Karem H Alzoubi, Natansh D Modi, Ross A McKinnon, Michael J. Sorich, Ashley M Hopkins
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Abstract
Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) often use cardiovascular medications due to their increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the associations of baseline use of these drugs with survival and adverse events in MM patients initiating daratumumab, lenalidomide, or bortezomib combination treatments. Data from Phase III trials (CASTOR, MAIA, and POLLUX) were analysed, focusing on beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), diuretics, and statins. Cox proportional hazard analysis and logistic regression were used to assess associations with survival and grade ≥ 3 adverse events. Among 1804 patients, ACEI/ ARBs were most common (31%), followed by beta-blockers (23%), statins (21%), calcium channel blockers (17%), and diuretics (16%). ACEI/ARBs was associated with better progression-free survival (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) [95% CI] = 0.84 [0.71–0.99], P = 0.034) but also higher odds of grade ≥ 3 adverse events (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.45 [1.06–1.97], P = 0.019). Diuretics were similarly associated with grade ≥ 3 adverse events (aOR = 1.53 [1.01–2.34], P = 0.047). Other cardiovascular drugs showed no significant associations. While ACEI/ARBs may improve progression-free survival, they pose safety concerns. It is reassuring that other cardiovascular drugs were not significantly associated with MM treatment outcomes. Further research is essential to fully understand the implications of these medications.
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© The Author(s) 2026. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.