A two-magma chamber model as a source of deformation at Grímsvötn Volcano, Iceland
Date
2014
Authors
Reverso, T.
Vandemeulebrouck, J.
Jouanne, F.
Pinel, V.
Villemin, T.
Sturkell, E.
Bascou, P.
Editors
Advisors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Type:
Journal article
Citation
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2014; 119(6):4666-4683
Statement of Responsibility
Thomas Reverso, Jean Vandemeulebrouck, François Jouanne, Virginie Pinel, Thierry Villemin, Erik Sturkell and Pascale Bascou
Conference Name
Abstract
Grímsvötn Volcano is the most active volcano in Iceland, and its last three eruptions were in 1998, 2004, and 2011. Here we analyze the displacement around Grímsvötn during these last three eruptive cycles using 10 GPS stations. The observed displacements in this region generally contain a linear component of tectonic and glacio-isostatic origin, in agreement with the previously estimated values of plate motions and vertical rebound. Larger amplitude deformation observed close to Grímsvötn at the GFUM continuous GPS station clearly reflects a major volcanic contribution superimposed on a tectonic component. We estimate and subtract the tectonic trend at this station using regional observed displacement. The direction and pattern of the residual volcanic displacement (for coeruptive and intereruptive periods) are consistent for all three of these eruptive cycles. The posteruptive inflation is characterized by an exponential trend, followed by a linear trend. In this study, we explain this temporal behavior using a new analytic model that has two connected magma chambers surrounded by an elastic medium and fed by a constant basal magma inflow. During the early posteruptive phase, pressure readjustment occurs between the two reservoirs, with replenishment of the shallow chamber from the deep chamber. Afterward, due to the constant inflow of magma into the deep reservoir, the pressurization of the system produces linear uplift. A large deep reservoir favors magma storage rather than surface emission. Based on displacement measured at GFUM station, we estimate an upper limit for the radius of the deep reservoir of ∼10 km.
School/Discipline
Dissertation Note
Provenance
Description
Access Status
Rights
© 2014. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.