Thompson, M.Q.Theou, O.Tucker, G.R.Adams, R.J.Visvanathan, R.2020-06-042020-06-042019Journal of The American Geriatrics Society, 2019; 67(11):2311-23170002-86141532-5415http://hdl.handle.net/2440/125715OBJECTIVES:Frailty places individuals at greater risk of adverse health outcomes. However, it is a dynamic condition and may not always lead to decline. Our objective was to determine the relationship between frailty status (at baseline and follow-up) and mortality using both the frailty phenotype (FP) and frailty index (FI). DESIGN:Population-based cohort. SETTING:Community-dwelling older adults. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 909 individuals aged 65 years or older (55% female), mean age 74.4 (SD 6.2) years, had frailty measurement at baseline. Overall, 549 participants had frailty measurement at two time points. MEASUREMENTS:Frailty was measured using the FP and FI, with a mean 4.5 years between baseline and follow-up. Mortality was matched to official death records with a minimum of 10 years of follow-up. RESULTS:For both measures, baseline frailty was a significant predictor of mortality up to 10 years, with initially good predictive ability (area under the curve [AUC] = .8-.9) decreasing over time. Repeated measurement at follow-up resulted in good prediction compared with lower (AUC = .6-.7) discrimination of equivalent baseline frailty status. In a multivariable model, frailty measurement at follow-up was a stronger predictor of mortality compared with baseline. Frailty change for the Continuous FI was a significant predictor of decreased or increased mortality risk based on corresponding improvement or worsening of score (hazard ratio = 1.04; 95% confidence interval = 1.02-1.07; P = .001). CONCLUSIONS:Frailty measurement is a good predictor of mortality up to 10 years; however, recency of frailty measurement is important for improved prediction. A regular review of frailty status is required in older adults.en© 2019 The American Geriatrics SocietyfrailtyAustraliamortalitylongitudinal studyolder adultsJournal article003012481010.1111/jgs.160660004799193000012-s2.0-85069887190485424Thompson, M.Q. [0000-0002-6420-4294]Theou, O. [0000-0001-6460-782X]Tucker, G.R. [0000-0003-2621-5942]Adams, R.J. [0000-0002-7572-0796]Visvanathan, R. [0000-0002-1303-9479]