Nadeau-Vallée, M.Obari, D.Quiniou, C.Lubell, W.D.Olson, D.M.Girard, S.Chemtob, S.2019-07-032019-07-032016Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews, 2016; 28:37-511359-61011879-0305http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119887Preterm birth (PTB) is a leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide, and represents a heavy economic and social burden. Despite its broad etiology, PTB has been firmly linked to inflammatory processes. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are produced in gestational tissues in response to stressors and can prematurely induce uterine activation, which precedes the onset of preterm labor. Of all cytokines implicated, interleukin (IL)-1 has been largely studied, revealing a central role in preterm labor. However, currently approved IL-1-targeting therapies have failed to show expected efficacy in pre-clinical studies of preterm labor. Herein, we (a) summarize animal and human studies in which IL-1 or IL-1-targeting therapeutics are implicated with preterm labor, (b) focus on novel IL-1-targeting therapies and diagnostic tests, and (c) develop the case for commercialization and translation means to hasten their development.en© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Preterm birth; Preterm labor; interleukin-1; inflammation; infectionJournal article003010078310.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.11.0012-s2.0-84960905214424147