Bogaardt, H.C.A.Burger, J.J.Fokkens, W.J.Bennink, R.J.2025-07-062025-07-062007Dysphagia, 2007; 22(2):145-1490179-051X1432-0460https://hdl.handle.net/2440/145690The aim of this study was to explore the influence of viscosity on pharyngeal residue in normal healthy volunteers. Scintigraphy was used to measure pharyngeal residue in 11 healthy volunteers after swallowing three different substances (age = 20.2– 48.3 years). The first substance was a 10-ml solution of tap water with 0.5% xanthan with a viscosity of 4500 mPa s, comparable to a yogurt drink. The second and third substances were a 0.75% xanthan and a 1.00% xanthan solution, with viscosities of 10,500 and 21,000 mPa s, comparable to low-fat yogurt and 3% fat yogurt, respectively. Tap water was used as the control substance. Mean pharyngeal residue after swallowing tap water was 2.3% (SD = 1.2) of the initial volume in the oral cavity. Pharyngeal residue after swallowing 0.5% xanthan solution was 1.8% (SD = 0.8), after swallowing 0.75% xanthan solution 2.6% (SD = 2.2), and after swallowing 1.00% xanthan solution 2.8% (SD = 1.7). No significant correlation between increase of viscosity and pharyngeal residue was found. In healthy persons viscosity does not seem to be a significant parameter for pharyngeal residue for boluses with viscosities ranging from tap water to solutions having a viscosity comparable to 3% fat yogurt.en© 2007, Springer Science Business Media, LLC. Open Access This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0 ), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.Deglutition; Physiology; Radionuclide imaging; Deglutition disorders.PharynxHumansWaterPolysaccharides, BacterialRadionuclide ImagingProspective StudiesDeglutitionViscosityTime FactorsAdultMiddle AgedFemaleMaleJournal article10.1007/s00455-006-9069-92024-01-08583962Bogaardt, H.C.A. [0000-0001-8413-533X]