Kabiri, S.Andelkovic, I.Coqui da Silva, R.Degryse, J.Baird, R.Tavakkoli, E.Losic, D.McLaughlin, M.2020-04-212020-04-212020Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2020; 59(13):5512-55240888-58851520-5045http://hdl.handle.net/2440/124261A new strategy to produce phosphate (P) fertilizers with both fast and slowly soluble P by the compaction method to produce composite products is presented. This unique composition is created by combining monoammonium phosphate (MAP) as a highly soluble P nutrient source, with a commercially available slow-release P such as struvite (Str) or P-loaded graphene oxide (GO). Graphene oxide-loaded P was synthesized by in situ oxidation of GO and ferrous ion (GO-Fe) mixtures with hydrogen peroxide and further loading of P onto the GO-Fe composite. The nutrient release in water was studied for dual-release MAP-Str and MAP-GO-Fe-P and compared to their corresponding slow- and fast-release sources. Column perfusion experiments showed a biphasic dissolution behavior with no significant difference between MAP-GO-Fe-P and MAP-Str. Visualization of P diffusion and chemical analysis of the soil after diffusion were used to assess the diffusion of P from different P fertilizers in various types of soil. Runoff and leaching simulations were performed to investigate the effects of the prepared fertilizer formulations on the environment. Overall, the diffusion of the dual-release fertilizers and the P loss in runoff and leaching experiments were less than for MAP. The better environmental performance of the dual-release fertilizers compared to MAP was related to the specific properties of the GO-based materials such as their two-dimensional structure and to the low solubility of the Str in the case of Str-based fertilizers.en© 2020 American Chemical SocietyJournal article100001886010.1021/acs.iecr.0c004030005264219000082-s2.0-85083647969525096Kabiri, S. [0000-0002-2269-6075]Andelkovic, I. [0000-0002-4570-0540]Coqui da Silva, R. [0000-0002-2345-3729]Degryse, J. [0000-0002-4875-2944]Baird, R. [0000-0002-1269-0323]Tavakkoli, E. [0000-0002-2676-6018]Losic, D. [0000-0002-1930-072X]McLaughlin, M. [0000-0001-6796-4144]