McAllister-Hayward, M.S.Blyth, A.J.McInerney, F.A.Holman, A.I.Grice, K.Tyler, J.J.Westaway, K.W.Joannes-Boyau, R.Boualaphane, S.Bourgon, N.Dunn, T.E.Frangeul, S.Luangkhoth, T.Ponche, J.L.Sichanthongtip, P.Souksavatdy, V.Suzzoni, E.Zachwieja, A.Zanolli, C.Bacon, A.M.et al.2024-09-052024-09-052024Quaternary Science Reviews: the international multidisciplinary research and review journal, 2024; 325:108471-1-108471-130277-37911873-457Xhttps://hdl.handle.net/2440/142172Available online 12 January 2024The sediments of Tam P`a Ling (TPL), northeastern Laos, have yielded the earliest evidence of Homo sapiens in mainland Southeast Asia (~86 ka; marine isotope stage (MIS) 5 b) with a number of skeletal elements having been recovered from the sequence attesting to two populations of H. sapiens present in the vicinity between 77 ± 9 ka to 39 ± 9 ka. At present there has been very limited research into the environmental conditions that these populations encountered during MIS 5–4. In this study, we present the results of an analysis of higher plant biomarkers (n-alkanes and n-alkanols) from the sediments at TPL to reconstruct the palaeovegetation of the site and the human fossils. The n-alkane δ¹³C values demonstrate that H. sapiens encountered a predominantly C3 forest landscape in MIS 5 b-MIS 4 that prevailed until MIS 1. Observations of a fluctuation in δ¹³C values across MIS 5 b-MIS 1 (~86–3 ka) indicates that moisture availability was non-uniform, most likely resulting in landscape changes in and around TPL. The presence of H. sapiens at TPL during the environmental conditions associated with MIS 5 b-MIS 3 highlights the adaptability of our species to environmental dynamics at this time.en© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).n-alkanes; n-alkanols; stable isotopes; palaeoenvironments; Homo sapiensJournal article10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.1084712024-09-04682242McInerney, F.A. [0000-0002-2020-6650]Tyler, J.J. [0000-0001-8046-0215]