Peng, H.Zhang, Z.Wang, J.Shi, P.2013-09-112013-09-112013International Journal of Innovative Computing Information and Control, 2013; 9(7):2789-28001349-41981349-418Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/79927Aiming at the multi-objective essence of optimal audio watermarking problem, we propose a novel audio watermarking framework in this paper, which can optimally balance all conflicting objectives of the problem, fidelity and robustness against different attacks. In the proposed framework, a multi-objective particle swarm optimization technique based on fitness sharing is applied to search optimal watermarking parameters and Pareto-optimal solutions are used to express the optimal parameters found. In addition, the proposed framework has the following advantages: (i) it can avoid the difficulty of determining optimal weighted factors in the existing single-objective watermarking schemes; (ii) Pareto-optimal solutions can offer the flexibility to select optimal parameters for satisfying different application demands. © 2013 ICIC International.en© 2013Optimal audio watermarkingAudio watermarking frameworkMulti-objective optimizationParticle swarm optimizationJournal article00201309482-s2.0-8488006163918527Shi, P. [0000-0001-8218-586X] [0000-0002-0864-552X] [0000-0002-1358-2367] [0000-0002-5312-5435]