Delfabbro, P.King, D.2012-10-122012-10-122012Addiction, 2012; 107(9):1556-15610965-21401360-0443http://hdl.handle.net/2440/73556AIMS: The aim of this paper is to provide a critical overview of the development and current status of gambling in Australia. METHODS: The paper examines the history and current status of gambling in Australia with a particular focus on the prevalence of problem gambling in the community and developments in policy and treatment services. RESULTS: The paper highlights the contradictory role of State governments as both providers of treatment services as well as agents for the liberalization for gambling. It also shows how the notion of ‘addiction’ is conceptualized in Australian research and treatment services, including the preference for harm-based and public health approaches. Such perspectives view problem gambling as having multiple pathways and determinants that extend beyond thepathology of individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Gambling in Australia provides a curious paradox. Highly liberalized State government policies that allow the proliferation of high intensity gambling coexist with extensive policy, regulation andresearch designed to address the negative impact of gambling on the Australian community.en© 2012 The Authors, Addiction © 2012 Society for the Study of AddictionAustraliagamblingnational profileregulationresearch and treatmentJournal article002012149810.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03802.x0003070478000102-s2.0-8486474322023425Delfabbro, P. [0000-0002-0466-5611]King, D. [0000-0002-1762-2581]