Gibson, C.MacLennan, A.Goldwater, P.Haan, E.Priest, K.Dekker, G.Hague, W.Morton, M.2007-01-162007-01-162006American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2006; 194(3):674e1-674e110002-93781097-6868http://hdl.handle.net/2440/23150Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between inherited cytokine polymorphisms and cerebral palsy. Study design This was a case-control study that used DNA from the newborn infant screening cards of 443 white infants with cerebral palsy and 883 white control infants to test for the following cytokine polymorphisms: tumor necrosis factor–alpha-308, mannose-binding lectin–221, and 3 polymorphisms in exon-1 of the mannose-binding lectin gene at codon-52, -54, and -57. Results At all gestational ages mannose-binding lectin codon-54 increased the risk of the development of diplegia (homozygous or heterozygous odds ratio, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.03-2.32). For babies who were born at term, the risk of the development of quadriplegia was associated with heterozygous tumor necrosis factor– α (odds ratio, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.04-3.15), and mannose-binding lectin codon-54 was associated with diplegia (homozygous or heterozygous odds ratio, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.10-4.05). The presence of any polymorphism in mannose-binding lectin exon–1 at term approximately doubled the risk of the development of diplegia (odds ratio, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.05-3.62). Homozygous or heterozygous tumor necrosis factor– α was associated with hemiplegia for babies who were born at <32 weeks of gestation (odds ratio, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.02-5.58). Overall, the presence of any cytokine polymorphism was associated with cerebral palsy (odds ratio, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.02-1.84). Conclusion Carriage of polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis factor– α and mannose-binding lectin genes are associated with an increased risk of cerebral palsy.enCerebral palsyTumor necrosis factor–αMannose-binding lectinPolymorphismJournal article002006032210.1016/j.ajog.2006.01.0930002359856000132-s2.0-3364468995653066Goldwater, P. [0000-0003-4822-8488]Haan, E. [0000-0002-7310-5124]Dekker, G. [0000-0002-7362-6683]Hague, W. [0000-0002-5355-2955]