Schram, A.Carrad, A.Townsend, B.Harris, P.Baum, F.Rychetnik, L.Allender, S.Pescud, M.Frank, N.Arthur, M.Friel, S.2025-07-292025-07-292025Critical Public Health, 2025; 35(1):2474078-1-2474078-70958-15961469-3682https://hdl.handle.net/2440/146396In an era marked by persistent health inequities, this commentary moves beyond the conventional focus on disadvantage and individual-level interventions to present novel conceptual and analyticalthinking that illuminates the role of structurally entrenched advantage. We present a multi-level conceptualisation of privilege through which the structural drivers of health inequities can be examined and the reciprocal relationship between privilege and public policy explored, shedding light on how these forces shape and reinforce one another. Building on that foundation, we propose an innovative research agenda that scrutinises the ideas, mechanisms, and outcomes of resource accumulation and distribution in public policy. We aim to lay the groundwork for developing and evaluating policy interventions through a new lens to address the root causes of inequities in health, paving the way formore equitable and healthy societies.en© 2025 the author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use,distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. the terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.privilege; socioeconomic advantage; public policy; health equity; determinants of healthJournal article10.1080/09581596.2025.2474078731985Baum, F. [0000-0002-2294-1368]