Nicholls, S.Lundman, P.Harmer, J.Cutri, B.Griffiths, K.Rye, K.Barter, P.Celermajer, D.2007-01-162007-01-162006Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2006; 48(4):715-7200735-10971558-3597http://hdl.handle.net/2440/23426<h4>Objectives</h4>The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of dietary fatty acids on the anti-inflammatory properties of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and vascular function.<h4>Background</h4>The effect of dietary fatty acids on atherogenesis remains uncertain.<h4>Methods</h4>Fourteen adults consumed an isocaloric meal containing either a polyunsaturated or a saturated fat on 2 occasions. The effects of post-prandial HDL on endothelial cell expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were determined. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and microvascular reactivity were assessed before and 3 and 6 h after the meal.<h4>Results</h4>Plasma triglycerides, insulin, and nonesterified fatty acids rose after the meals. The HDL collected 6 h after the saturated meal were less effective than HDL isolated from fasting plasma in terms of their ability to inhibit expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, whereas HDL collected 6 h after the polyunsaturated meal had an inhibitory activity that was greater than that of HDL collected from fasting plasma (p < 0.004 and p = 0.01 for comparison of effect of meals on ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, respectively). Post-hyperemic microvascular flow significantly increased at 3 h after the polyunsaturated meal by 45 +/- 14% and by 21 +/- 11% after the saturated meal. The FMD decreased 3 h after the saturated meal by 2.2 +/- 0.9% (p< 0.05 compared with baseline) and by 0.9 +/- 1% after the polyunsaturated meal.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Consumption of a saturated fat reduces the anti-inflammatory potential of HDL and impairs arterial endothelial function. In contrast, the anti-inflammatory activity of HDL improves after consumption of polyunsaturated fat. These findings highlight novel mechanisms by which different dietary fatty acids may influence key atherogenic processes.en© 2006 by the American College of Cardiology FoundationEndothelium, VascularHumansInflammationCullin ProteinsDietary FatsIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1Receptors, VasopressinPostprandial PeriodAdultMiddle AgedFemaleMaleCholesterol, HDLHemodynamicsBiomarkersJournal article002006112610.1016/j.jacc.2006.04.0800002397711000062-s2.0-3374685117352494Nicholls, S. [0000-0002-9668-4368]