Adelaide Research & Scholarship
Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) is the University of Adelaide’s digital repository. AR&S provides a platform for the collection, organisation, access and preservation of the research and scholarly outputs of the University community in digital formats, as well as digital management of information in physical formats.
University of Adelaide higher degree by research theses are deposited into the AR&S Theses community as part of the final thesis lodgement process.
AR&S also serves as the home of the digital collections of University Library Archives and Special Collections. Items include digitized representations of physical items, such as photographs and full texts, and digital-born materials, allowing worldwide access to our heritage and research collections.
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Recent Submissions
Cohort profile: Understanding the influence of early life environments and health and social service system contacts over time and across generations through the Western Australian Aboriginal Child Health Survey (WAACHS) Linked Data Study
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2024) Mitrou, F.; Milroy, H.; Coffin, J.; Hamilton, S.L.; Brennan-Jones, C.G.; Schurer, S.; Davis, E.A.; Richmond, P.; Passmore, H.M.; Pearson, G.; Brown, A.; O'Donnell, M.; Bowen, A.C.; Azzopardi, P.; Conigrave, K.M.; Downs, J.; Cooper, M.M.; Ramsey, K.A.; Ferrante, A.; Johnson, S.E.; et al.
Purpose Despite the volume of accumulating knowledge from prospective Aboriginal cohort studies, longitudinal data describing developmental trajectories in health and well-being is limited. The linkage of child and carer cohorts from a historical cross-sectional survey with longitudinal health-service and social-service administrative data has created a unique and powerful data resource that underpins the Western Australian Aboriginal Child Health Survey (WAACHS) linked data study. This study aims to provide evidence-based information to Aboriginal communities across Western Australia, governments and non-government agencies on the heterogeneous life trajectories of Aboriginal children and families. Participants This study comprises data from a historical cross-sectional household study of 5289 Aboriginal children from the WAACHS (2000–2002) alongside their primary (N=2113) and other (N=1040) carers, and other householders. WAACHS data were linked with Western Australia (WA) government administrative datasets up to 2020 including health, education, child protection, police and justice system contacts. The study also includes two non-Aboriginal cohorts from WA, linked with the same administrative data sources allowing comparisons of outcomes across cohorts in addition to between-group comparisons within the Aboriginal population. Findings to date Linked data coverage rates are presented for all WAACHS participants. Child health outcomes for the WAACHS children (Cohort 1) are described from birth into adulthood along with other outcomes including child protection and juvenile justice involvement. Future plans Analysis of data from both the child and carer cohorts will seek to understand the contribution of individual, family (intergenerational) and community-level influences on Aboriginal children’s developmental and health pathways, identify key developmental transitions or turning points where interventions may be most effective in improving outcomes, and compare service pathways for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children. All research is guided by Aboriginal governance processes and study outputs will be produced with Aboriginal leadership to guide culturally appropriate policy and practice for improving health, education and social outcomes.
Quality and Safety Indicators for Care Transitions by Older Adults: A Scoping Review
(Elsevier, 2025) Fernando, R.L.; Inacio, M.C.; Sluggett, J.K.; Ward, S.A.; Beattie, E.; Khadka, J.; Caughey, G.E.
Objective To identify quality and safety indicators routinely used to monitor, evaluate, and improve care transitions for older adults globally. Design A scoping literature review. Setting and Participants This review identified indicators used internationally to monitor and evaluate the quality and safety of care transitions by older adults. Care transitions were defined as the transfer of health care at least once between care settings. Methods A search of academic and gray literature identified indicators that were publicly available, used routinely at the population level, and reported on since 2012. Indicators were summarized by care domain (ie, hospitalization, consumer experience, access/waiting times, communication, follow-up, and medication-related), type (structure, process, outcome), quality dimension (patient centeredness, timeliness, effectiveness, efficiency, safety, and equity), data collection approach, reporting strategies, and care settings involved. Results The review identified 361 quality indicators from 89 programs across 12 countries. Care domains included hospitalization (n = 112; 31.0%), consumer experience (n = 82; 22.7%), access/waiting times (n = 63; 17.5%), communication (n = 40; 11.1%), follow-up (n = 40; 11.1%), and medication-related (n = 24; 6.6%). Indicators measured outcomes (n = 227; 62.9%) or processes (n = 134; 37.1%) and represented the dimensions of patient centeredness (n = 155, 42.9%), timeliness (n = 91; 25.2%), and effectiveness (n = 87; 24.1%), efficiency (n = 18; 5.0%) and safety (n = 10; 2.8%). Most indicators were constructed from survey (n = 160; 44.3%) or administrative data (n = 138; 38.2%); 69% (n = 249) were publicly reported and 80% (n = 287) measured transitions related to acute settings. Conclusions and Implications Eighty-nine international programs routinely monitor the quality and safety of care transitions, and focus on the domains of hospitalization, access and waiting times, and communication. Considering the vulnerability of older adults as they transition across settings and providers, it is important to ensure holistic measurement of the quality of these care transitions to identify sub-optimal transitions, inform quality improvement, and ultimately improve outcomes for older adults.
Protocol summary and statistical analysis plan for the sodium bicarbonate for metabolic acidosis in the intensive care unit (SODa-BIC) trial
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Serpa Neto, A.; McNamara, M.; Cooper, J.; Fujii, T.; Higgins, A.; Hodgson, C.; Navarra, L.; Nichol, A.; Peake, S.; Rea-Neto, A.; Secombe, P.; See, E.; Taylor, P.; Young, M.; Zampieri, F.G.; Young, P.; Bellomo, R.; Udy, A.
Background Metabolic acidosis is common in critically ill patients and is associated with increased risk of organ dysfunction, need for renal replacement therapy, and death. Despite its frequency and clinical relevance, the optimal treatment approach remains uncertain. Sodium bicarbonate is often used to correct acidosis, but its risk–benefit profile in this setting is unclear. Objective To describe the study protocol and statistical analysis plan for the sodium bicarbonate for metabolic acidosis in the intensive care unit (SODa-BIC) trial. Design, setting and participants Protocol for an international, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, superiority adaptive clinical trial. Five hundred (n = 500) adults with metabolic acidosis and receiving a continuous infusion of a vasopressor will be randomly assigned to sodium bicarbonate or placebo in a 1:1 ratio. SODa-BIC started recruiting in April 2023. It is anticipated that recruitment will be completed in 2026. Main outcome measures The primary outcome will be major adverse kidney events within 30 days (MAKE30). Secondary and tertiary outcomes include 30- and 90-day mortality, receipt of renal replacement therapy, and vasopressor-free and ICU-free days at day 30. All analyses will be conducted on an intention-to-treat basis. Results and conclusions SODa-BIC will evaluate whether sodium bicarbonate improves clinically meaningful outcomes in critically ill patients with metabolic acidosis. The trial has the potential to inform international practice guidelines and provide robust evidence to guide the treatment of a common and severe condition in the intensive care unit.
Polygenic Risk Scores Driving Clinical Change in Glaucoma
(Annual Reviews, 2024) Kolovos, A.; Hassall, M.M.; Siggs, O.M.; Souzeau, E.; Craig, J.E.
Glaucoma is a clinically heterogeneous disease and the world's leading cause of irreversible blindness. Therapeutic intervention can prevent blindness but relies on early diagnosis, and current clinical risk factors are limited in their ability to predict who will develop sight-threatening glaucoma. The high heritability of glaucoma makes it an ideal substrate for genetic risk prediction, with the bulk of risk being polygenic in nature. Here, we summarize the foundations of glaucoma genetic risk, the development of polygenic risk prediction instruments, and emerging opportunities for genetic risk stratification. Although challenges remain, genetic risk stratification will significantly improve glaucoma screening and management.
Plastics adsorption and removal by 2D ultrathin iron oxide nanodiscs: From micro to nano
(Elsevier, 2024) Cao, Y.; Sathish, C.I.; Li, Z.; Ibrar Ahmed, M.; Perumalsamy, V.; Cao, C.; Yu, C.; Wijerathne, B.; Fleming, A.; Qiao, L.; Wang, S.; Yi, J.
The escalation of microplastics/nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) contamination in aqueous systems has ignited considerable concern. Magnetic separation has emerged as a promising remedy for the removal of these pollutants, owing to its notable removal efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmentally friendly attributes. This study presents the utilization of ultra-thin magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanodiscs (NDs) for the adsorption and separation of MPs/ NPs. Investigations revealed that these NDs could effectively adsorb/remove MPs/NPs across a spectrum ranging from micro- to nano-scale, exhibiting a notable adsorption capacity of 188.4 mg g¯¹ . Mechanistically, MPs/NPs adsorption was driven by both electrostatic and magnetic forces originating from the vortex domain of NDs, which can be well described by pseudo-first-order and Sips models. Furthermore, the NDs exhibited outstanding reusability, maintaining over 90 % removal efficiency even after undergoing five cycles. This research introduces a cost-effective method for the separation of MPs/NPs, representing a significant stride in wastewater treatment methodologies.