Adelaide Research & Scholarship
Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) is the University of Adelaide’s digital repository. AR&S provides a platform for the collection, organisation, access and preservation of the research and scholarly outputs of the University community in digital formats, as well as digital management of information in physical formats.
University of Adelaide higher degree by research theses are deposited into the AR&S Theses community as part of the final thesis lodgement process.
AR&S also serves as the home of the digital collections of University Library Archives and Special Collections. Items include digitized representations of physical items, such as photographs and full texts, and digital-born materials, allowing worldwide access to our heritage and research collections.
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Recent Submissions
Melioidosis of the Central Nervous System: Impact of the bimABm Allele on Patient Presentation and Outcome
(Oxford University Press, 2024) Gora, H.; Hasan, T.; Smith, S.; Wilson, I.; Mayo, M.; Woerle, C.; Webb, J.R.; Currie, B.J.; Hanson, J.; Meumann, E.M.
Background The autotransporter protein Burkholderia intracellular motility A (BimA) facilitates the entry of Burkholderia pseudomallei into the central nervous system (CNS) in mouse models of melioidosis. Its role in the pathogenesis of human cases of CNS melioidosis is incompletely defined. Methods Consecutive culture-confirmed cases of melioidosis at 2 sites in tropical Australia after 1989 were reviewed. Demographic, clinical, and radiological data of the patients with CNS melioidosis were recorded. The bimA allele (bimABm or bimABp) of the B. pseudomallei isolated from each patient was determined. Results Of the 1587 cases diagnosed at the 2 sites during the study period, 52 (3.3%) had confirmed CNS melioidosis: 20 (38.5%) had a brain abscess, 18 (34.6%) had encephalomyelitis, 4 (7.7%) had isolated meningitis, and 10 (19.2%) had extra-meningeal disease. Among the 52 patients, there were 8 (15.4%) deaths; 17/44 (38.6%) survivors had residual disability. The bimA allele was characterized in 47/52; 17/47 (36.2%) had the bimABm allele and 30 (63.8%) had the bimABp allele. Patients with a bimABm variant were more likely to have a predominantly neurological presentation (odds ratio [OR]: 5.60; 95% confidence interval: 1.52–20.61; P = .01), to have brainstem involvement (OR: 7.33; 1.92–27.95; P = .004), and to have encephalomyelitis (OR: 4.69; 1.30–16.95; P = .02). Patients with a bimABm variant were more likely to die or have residual disability (OR: 4.88; 1.28–18.57; P = .01). Conclusions The bimA allele of B. pseudomallei has a significant impact on the clinical presentation and outcome of patients with CNS melioidosis.
Lattice Strain-Induced Regulation of Interfacial Water Promotes Hydrogen Production from Natural Seawater
(American Chemical Society, 2025) Bao, D.; Huang, L.; Zheng, Y.; Qiao, S.-Z.
Natural seawater electrolysis provides an effective approach to harnessing abundant ocean reserves for hydrogen production. However, its industrial application is hindered by low efficiency and limited durability due to electrocatalyst deactivation or electrolyzer blockage initiated by precipitation at the cathode and chloride corrosion at the anode. Here, we report a strain-engineered strategy that simultaneously suppresses precipitation and chloride corrosion and enables bipolar hydrogen production in natural seawater electrolysis. A Cu₃–ₓCoₓP catalyst with lattice compressive strain is developed to boost hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by modulating interfacial water behavior and enhancing catalyst surface hydrophilicity, thereby accelerating water dissociation and facilitating bubble release. This process disrupts the local pH gradient and suppresses precipitation formation over the catalyst. We evidence that this catalyst exhibits high stability, operating for over 1000 h at 100 mA cm¯² in natural seawater. Furthermore, this catalyst can drive formaldehyde oxidation reaction (FOR) at the anode that not only yields value-added formate but also produces H₂ with a low voltage input. When integrated into an electrolyzer, it enables simultaneous hydrogen production at both the cathode and anode, operating at a low cell voltage of 0.55 V at 100 mA cm¯² for over 300 h without chloride hazards.
Integrating Cardio-Oncology Across the Research Pipeline, Policy, and Practice in Australia-An Australian Cardiovascular Alliance Perspective
(Elsevier, 2024) Singleton, A.C.; Redfern, J.; Diaz, A.; Koczwara, B.; Nicholls, S.J.; Negishi, K.; La Gerche, A.; Playford, D.; Conyers, R.; Cehic, D.A.; Garvey, G.; Williams, T.D.; Hunt, L.; Doyle, K.; Figtree, G.A.; Ngo, D.T.M.; Sverdlov, A.L.; Australian Cardiovascular Alliance Cardio-Oncology Working Group,
Over 18 million people worldwide were diagnosed with cancer in 2020, including over 150,000 people in Australia. Although improved early detection and treatment have increased the survival rates, cardiotoxic treatment and inadequate management of cardiovascular risk factors have resulted in cardiovascular disease (CVD) being one of the leading causes of non-cancer-related death and disability among cancer survivors. International guidelines outline the standards of care for CVD risk surveillance and management. However, Australian cardio-oncology policies and clinical guidelines are limited. There is increasing growth of cardio-oncology research in Australia and support from leading Australian professional bodies and advocacy and research networks, including the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand, the Clinical Oncology Society of Australia, the National Heart Foundation of Australia, and the Australian Cardiovascular Alliance (ACvA). Thus, opportunities to drive multidisciplinary cardio-oncology initiatives are growing, including grant funding, position statements, and novel research to inform new policies. The ACvA has a unique flagship structure that spans the translational research pipeline from drug discovery to implementation science. This article aims to highlight how multidisciplinary cardio-oncology innovations could intersect with the seven ACvA flagships, and to showcase Australian achievements in cardio-oncology thus far. We summarise eight key priority areas for future cardio-oncology research that emerged. These strategies will strengthen cardio-oncology research and care in Australia, and drive new guidelines, policies, and government initiatives to ensure equity in health outcomes for all cardio-oncology patients.
Grant chaser and revenue raiser: public school principals and the limitations of philanthropic funding
(Springer Nature, 2025) Rowe, E.; Di Gregorio, E.
This paper draws on survey and interview data with public school principals, in order to examine the impact of philanthropy in public schools in Australia. As a result of systemic government funding deficits, school principals are applying for competitive grants from a diverse range of sources. This includes non-government organisations such as charities and businesses, as well as competitive government grants to pay for important resourcing in the school. We focus on what we refer to as ‘philanthropic grant chasing’ in public schools as reported by school principals, paying attention to their involvement with the registered charity Australian Schools Plus, one of the first government-subsidised charities that enables businesses and corporations to donate to public schools for a tax deduction. Public school principals expressed dilemmas and ambivalences regarding philanthropy, regarding it as a ‘double-edged sword’. The vast majority rejected the idea of philanthropy as a long-term solution or remedy for systemic issues of under-funding. We found that philanthropic grants were conditional, and imposed excessive accountability and performative measures on principals, with interviewees describing the process as onerous, with ‘too many strings attached’. Competitive philanthropic grants were also found to intensify principal workload. This paper points to how competitive philanthropic grants, and the necessity to generate additional funding, has a detrimental impact on leaders’ workload, time, and long-term school resourcing. It is remodelling the expertise of the principal to grant chaser and revenue raiser. Whilst philanthropic organisations frequently claim otherwise, we argue that philanthropy exacerbates rather than redresses educational equity.
Generalization and Analysis of Elastic Water Column Model for Hydraulic Transient Analysis of Water Distribution Systems
(American Society of Civil Engineers, 2025) Imani, M.; Zecchin, A.; Zeng, W.; Lambert, M.F.
The elastic water column model (EWCM) has been enhanced through the integration of dynamic electromechanical elements, such as pressure-reducing valves (PRVs) and pumps, facilitating advanced transient analysis of water distribution systems in the time domain. The graph-theoretical framework has been employed to represent any arbitrary network configuration with different hydraulic components. Electric equivalent circuits (EECs) have been introduced for these dynamic components and integrated to the EWCM create a set of differential algebraic equations (DAEs). Verification against established models, such as the rigid water column model (RWCM) and the method of characteristics (MOC), confirms the enhanced EWCM’s accuracy, validity, and computational advantages. Specifically, in fast transient scenarios, the EWCM outperforms the RWCM by accounting for water compressibility. It also surpasses the MOC in computational efficiency due to its foundation on ordinary differential equations and independence from Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy condition constraints. The model’s accuracy is controllable by increasing the number of reaches, although this increases computational cost. The investigation into the model’s stiffness reveals a notable increase, with the EWCM being approximately 25 times stiffer than the RWCM. Although this allows for capturing a broader frequency range, it also increases numerical stiffness, making solver selection more critical. The study further emphasizes the computational advantages of employing sparse matrices within the EWCM. In large-scale networks, the graph representation of the EWCM predominantly features sparse matrices, which reduce computation time and memory usage.