Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health publications

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Browsing Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health publications by Author "Do, L."

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    Oral health status
    (The University of Adelaide, 2019) Do, L.; Luzzi, L.; Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health,
    This chapter reports prevalence and severity of oral diseases and other conditions that affect the teeth and gums. They are arranged using a common format described in Chapter 2. The tables report findings regarding four sets of oral health conditions: • tooth loss, including denture wearing and replacement of missing teeth • experience of dental decay, including untreated cavities, and teeth that have been filled or extracted to treat past decay • gum diseases, including periodontitis and inflammation of the gums • other oral conditions, including tooth wear, dental fluorosis, xerostomia, lack of occlusal contact and oral mucosal lesions. The tables use information collected primarily during the examination. Interview information is limited to questions about tooth loss, denture wearing and dental implants, in response to questions about objective oral health asked in the interview. Xerostomia is also reported under other oral conditions. Other more subjective questions about experience of oral symptoms and perceived needs for dental treatment were also asked in the interview, but they are reported in Chapter 6.
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    Periodontal disease and dental caries among Indigenous Australians living in the Northern Territory, Australia
    (Wiley, 2014) Kapellas, K.; Skilton, M.; Maple-Brown, L.; Do, L.; Bartold, P.; O'Dea, K.; Brown, A.; Celermajer, D.; Jamieson, L.
    BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the caries experience and severity of periodontal disease in a convenience sample of Indigenous Australians living in the Northern Territory. METHODS: Data were gathered via self-reported questionnaire and dental examination by calibrated examiners. Socio-demographic characteristics were compared with data from the 2011 Australian census while prevalence of periodontal disease and dental caries was compared against weighted estimates from the National Survey of Adult Oral Health 2004-2006. In each comparison, non-overlapping 95% confidence intervals inferred a significant difference. Within-study comparisons were assessed via chi-square, t-tests and analysis of variance for differences among study participants. RESULTS: A total of 312 Indigenous Australian participants provided completed data (average age 39.5 ± 10.5 years, 174 males). Of these, 87.5% were confirmed periodontitis cases; 3.5 times that of national-level estimates. The experience of untreated caries was five times that of national estimates (mean decayed 3.0 versus 0.6). Periodontitis case status was positively associated with older age, male gender and presence of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Periodontal disease and untreated caries were significantly more prevalent in this sample of Indigenous Australians compared to the general Australian population. The prevalence of periodontal disease was markedly higher than that previously described for Indigenous Australians.
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    Risk factors for dental caries in the five-year-old South Australian population
    (Australian Dental Assn Inc, 2006) Slade, G.; Sanders, A.; Bill, C.; Do, L.
    Background: This study tested the hypothesis that risk behaviours in disadvantaged groups would explain socio-economic inequality in dental caries prevalence among preschool children. Methods: Using a case-control study, children with caries experience (one or more decayed, missing or filled primary tooth surfaces) and with no caries experience were sampled with known probabilities from among five year olds attending the South Australian Dental Service (SADS). Dental caries experience of primary teeth was recorded by SADS clinicians. Social and behavioural information was collected using a questionnaire mailed to parents. Prevalence rates, prevalence ratios (PR) and 95 per cent confidence intervals (95% CI) were computed, taking into account sampling probabilities. Results: Questionnaires were obtained for 64.6 per cent of sampled children (n=1398) and 40.2 per cent (95% CI=37.8–42.6) of them had caries experience. Five statistically significant risk factors were identified relating to previous feeding, current oral hygiene and parent’s own oral health perceptions. The prevalence of four risk factors was greater in low-income households compared with high-income households (P≤0.01). In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for age of tooth cleaning onset, age at which toothpaste was introduced was not significantly associated with caries prevalence. Behavioural risk factors did not explain incomerelated gradients in caries prevalence but modified the level of risk associated with delayed onset of tooth cleaning. Children who delayed tooth cleaning until the age of 24 months or more and who were from low-income households had a 2.7-fold increase in caries prevalence (95% CI=2.1–3.4). Conclusions: Caries prevention efforts need to target behaviours in infancy and non-behavioural risk factors among preschoolers in low-income households.
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    Study aims and methods
    (The University of Adelaide, 2019) Chrisopoulos, S.; Ellershaw, A.; Do, L.; Luzzi, L.; Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health,
    This chapter describes the study's aims and provides details of the major methodological steps undertaken to collect data: sampling, interviews and examinations.