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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/126285
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Clinical importance of the Mandalay spitting cobra (Naja mandalayensis) in upper Myanmar - Bites, envenoming and ophthalmia |
Author: | Oo, S.S.L. Myat-Thet-Nwe, Khin-Maung-Gyi, Than-Aye, Mi-Mi-Khine, Myat-Myat-Thein, Myo-thant, Pyae-Phyo-Aung, Oakkar-Kyaw-Khant, Aye-Zarchi-San, Du-Wun-Moe, Htay-Aung, O'Shea, M. Mahmood, M.A. Peh, C.A. White, J. Warrell, D.A. |
Citation: | Toxicon, 2020; 184:39-47 |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Issue Date: | 2020 |
ISSN: | 0041-0101 1879-3150 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Sai-Sein-Lin-Oo, Myat-Thet-Nwe, Khin-Maung-Gyi, Than-Aye, Mi-Mi-Khine, Myat-Myat-Thein, Myo-Thant, Pyae-Phyo-Aung, Oakkar-Kyaw-Khant, Aye-Zarchi-San, Du-Wun-Moe, Htay-Aung, Mark O'Shea, Mohammad Afzal Mahmood, Chen Au Peh, Julian White, David A. Warrell |
Abstract: | Examination of 18 cobras brought to three hospitals in the Mandalay Region by patients bitten or spat at by them distinguished 3 monocled cobras (Naja kaouthia) and 15 Mandalay spitting cobras (N. mandalayensis), based on their morphological characteristics. We confirm and extend the known distributions and habitats of both N. mandalayensis and N. kaouthia in Upper Myanmar. Clinical symptoms of local and systemic envenoming by N. mandalayensis are described for the first time. These included local swelling, blistering and necrosis and lifethreatening systemic neurotoxicity. More information is needed about the clinical phenotype and management of bites by N. mandalayensis, the commoner of the two cobras in Upper Myanmar. Since the current cobra antivenom manufactured in Myanmar has lower pre-clinical efficacy against N. mandalayensis than N. kaouthia, there is a need for more specific antivenom therapy. |
Keywords: | Naja mandalayensis; Naja kaouthia, spitting cobra; Venom ophthalmia; Neurotoxic envenoming; Local necrosis; Antivenom; Upper Myanmar |
Description: | Available online 3 June 2020 |
Rights: | © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.05.023 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.05.023 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 4 Medicine publications |
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