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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/57689
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Epilepsy and mental retardation limited to females with PCDH19 mutations can present de novo or in single generation families |
Author: | Hynes, K. Tarpey, P. Dibbens, L. Bayly, M. Berkovic, S. Smith, R. Al Raisi, Z. Turner, S. Brown, N. Desai, T. Haan, E. Turner, G. Christodoulou, J. Leonard, H. Gill, D. Stratton, M. Gecz, J. Scheffer, I. |
Citation: | Journal of Medical Genetics, 2010; 47(3):211-216 |
Publisher: | British Med Journal Publ Group |
Issue Date: | 2010 |
ISSN: | 0022-2593 1468-6244 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Kim Hynes, Patrick Tarpey, Leanne M. Dibbens, Marta A. Bayly, Samuel F. Berkovic, Raffaella Smith, Zahyia Al Raisi, Samantha J. Turner, Natasha J. Brown, Tarishi D. Desai, Eric Haan, Gillian Turner, John Christodoulou, Helen Leonard, Deepak Gill, Michael R. Stratton, Jozef Gecz, Ingrid E. Scheffer |
Abstract: | Background: Epilepsy and mental retardation limited to females (EFMR) is an intriguing X-linked disorder affecting heterozygous females and sparing hemizygous males. Mutations in the protocadherin 19 (PCDH19) gene have been identified in seven unrelated families with EFMR. Methods and results: Here, we assessed the frequency of PCDH19 mutations in individuals with clinical features which overlap those of EFMR. We analysed 185 females from three cohorts: 42 with Rett syndrome who were negative for MECP2 and CDKL5 mutations, 57 with autism spectrum disorders, and 86 with epilepsy with or without intellectual disability. No mutations were identified in the Rett syndrome and autism spectrum disorders cohorts suggesting that despite sharing similar clinical characteristics with EFMR, PCDH19 mutations are not generally associated with these disorders. Among the 86 females with epilepsy (of whom 51 had seizure onset before 3 years), with or without intellectual disability, we identified two (2.3%) missense changes. One (c.1671C→G, p.N557K), reported previously without clinical data, was found in two affected sisters, the first EFMR family without a multigenerational family history of affected females. The second, reported here, is a novel de novo missense change identified in a sporadic female. The change, p.S276P, is predicted to result in functional disturbance of PCDH19 as it affects a highly conserved residue adjacent to the adhesion interface of EC3 of PCDH19. Conclusions: This de novo PCDH19 mutation in a sporadic female highlights that mutational analysis should be considered in isolated instances of girls with infantile onset seizures and developmental delay, in addition to those with the characteristic family history of EFMR. |
Keywords: | Humans Epilepsy Mental Retardation, X-Linked Cadherins Pedigree Family Family Characteristics Child Development Disorders, Pervasive Amino Acid Sequence Base Sequence Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Mutation Molecular Sequence Data Adult Child Female Protocadherins |
Description: | First published online 14 September 2009 |
DOI: | 10.1136/jmg.2009.068817 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jmg.2009.068817 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest Paediatrics publications |
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