Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/2440/61631
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Type: Journal article
Title: Parameters affecting water-hammer wave attenuation, shape and timing. Part 1: Mathematical tools
Author: Bergant, A.
Tijsseling, A.
Vitkovsky, J.
Covas, D.
Simpson, A.
Lambert, M.
Citation: Journal of Hydraulic Research, 2008; 46(3):373-381
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Issue Date: 2008
ISSN: 0022-1686
1814-2079
Statement of
Responsibility: 
Anton Bergant; Arris S. Tijsseling; John P. Vtkovsk; Ddia I. C. Covas; Angus R. Simpson; Martin F. Lambert
Abstract: This two-part paper investigates key parameters that may affect the pressurewaveform predicted by the classical theory ofwater-hammer. Shortcomings in the prediction of pressure wave attenuation, shape and timing originate from violation of assumptions made in the derivation of the classical waterhammer equations. Possible mechanisms that may significantly affect pressure waveforms include unsteady friction, cavitation (including column separation and trapped air pockets), a number of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) effects, viscoelastic behaviour of the pipe-wall material, leakages and blockages. Engineers should be able to identify and evaluate the influence of these mechanisms, because first these are usually not included in standard water-hammer software packages and second these are often “hidden” in practical systems. Part 1 of the two-part paper describes mathematical tools for modelling the aforementioned mechanisms. The method of characteristics transformation of the classical water-hammer equations is used herein as the basic solution tool. In separate additions: a convolution-based unsteady friction model is explicitly incorporated; discrete vapour and gas cavity models allow cavities to form at computational sections; coupled extended water-hammer and steel-hammer equations describe FSI; viscoelastic behaviour of the pipe-wall material is governed by a generalised Kelvin-Voigt model; and blockages and leakages are modelled as end or internal boundary conditions
Keywords: Air pocket
blockage
cavitation
column separation
fluid-structure interaction
leakage
unsteady friction
viscoelastic behaviour of the pipe-wall
water hammer
Rights: © 2008 International Association of Hydraulic Engineering and Research
DOI: 10.3826/jhr.2008.2848
Published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.3826/jhr.2008.2848
Appears in Collections:Aurora harvest 7
Civil and Environmental Engineering publications
Environment Institute publications

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