Dispersion and domestication shaped the genome of bread wheat
Date
2013
Authors
Berkman, P.
Visendi, P.
Lee, H.
Stiller, J.
Manoli, S.
Lorenc, M.
Lai, K.
Batley, J.
Fleury, D.
Simkova, H.
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Journal article
Citation
Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2013; 11(5):564-571
Statement of Responsibility
Paul J. Berkman, Paul Visendi, Hong C. Lee, Jiri Stiller, Sahana Manoli, Michał T. Lorenc, Kaitao Lai, Jacqueline Batley, Delphine Fleury, Hana Šimková, Marie Kubaláková, Song Weining, Jaroslav Doležel and David Edwards
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Abstract
Despite the international significance of wheat, its large and complex genome hinders genome sequencing efforts. To assess the impact of selection on this genome, we have assembled genomic regions representing genes for chromosomes 7A, 7B and 7D. We demonstrate that the dispersion of wheat to new environments has shaped the modern wheat genome. Most genes are conserved between the three homoeologous chromosomes. We found differential gene loss that supports current theories on the evolution of wheat, with greater loss observed in the A and B genomes compared with the D. Analysis of intervarietal polymorphisms identified fewer polymorphisms in the D genome, supporting the hypothesis of early gene flow between the tetraploid and hexaploid. The enrichment for genes on the D genome that confer environmental adaptation may be associated with dispersion following wheat domestication. Our results demonstrate the value of applying next-generation sequencing technologies to assemble gene-rich regions of complex genomes and investigate polyploid genome evolution. We anticipate the genome-wide application of this reduced-complexity syntenic assembly approach will accelerate crop improvement efforts not only in wheat, but also in other polyploid crops of significance.
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© 2013 Society for Experimental Biology, Association of Applied Biologists and John Wiley & Sons Ltd