Road network accessibility and socio-economic disadvantage across Adelaide metropolitan area
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(Published version)
Date
2016
Authors
Somenahalli, S.
Taylor, M.
Susilawati, S.
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Journal article
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Transportation in Developing Economies, 2016; 2(15):1-8
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Abstract
Transport mobility is important in defining the population’s accessibility to services and facilities. Few studies have investigated the relationship between geographical accessibility of urban services for population living in residential areas and socio economic parameters. Concepts and methods for analysing accessibility are essential for understanding many significant social, economic and political issues, and hence accessibility has become a key factor in defining the quality of life and potential for development of both cities and regions. The accessibility metrics seek to define the level of opportunity and choice, taking account of both the existence of opportunities, and the transport options available to reach them. In this paper, the distribution of residential parcels is analysed from a rarely explored angle—that is, its location in relation to services and facilities.This research focuses on spatial approaches to the conceptualization, measurement, and analysis of accessibility at the metropolitan level. The aims of this study are first to develop an index of the accessibility of various urban resources to each residential parcel in a metropolitan area of Adelaide using spatial data analysis in Geographical Information Systems and then to develop relationship with socio economic and land use attributes of statistical areas using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) analysis. GWR was developed to explore spatial variation which is important in implementing policies and programs so that they will be most effective. As expected the ‘Distance (proximity) to CBD’ variable has a positive relationship with metropolitan Accessibility/Remoteness Index of Adelaide (metro ARIA) meaning the farther away statistical areas have lower accessibility to services. However few south eastern areas that are closer to CBD, have shown higher than expected strengths. The northern most parts of Adelaide have shown low strengths due to their proximity to ‘Gawler’ town located in the northern part of Adelaide. In the case of Population density variable, the relationship is mostly negative except few areas in far south, west and northern areas, which showed a positive relationship. It is important to further explore these areas to identify the reasons for this mismatch. When similar results for median family income were studied, in some of the southern most parts of Adelaide, it showed strong positive relationship with metro ARIA.This research will help in formulating policies and to implement appropriate metropolitan development strategies. It will not only provide provide new insight into spatial differences between metropolitan areas but also potentially help in assessing the impact of the changes in services on land use. The findings of this paper therefore have important implications for service provision and social infrastructure investment.
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Copyright 2016 Springer International Publishing
Access Condition Notes: Postprint available after 1 July 2017