Multi-day rTMS exerts site-specific effects on functional connectivity but does not influence associative memory performance

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dc.contributor.authorHendrikse, J.
dc.contributor.authorCoxon, J.P.
dc.contributor.authorThompson, S.
dc.contributor.authorSuo, C.
dc.contributor.authorFornito, A.
dc.contributor.authorYücel, M.
dc.contributor.authorRogasch, N.C.
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstractTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique with the capacity to modulate brain network connectivity and cognitive function. Recent studies have demonstrated long-lasting improvements in associative memory and resting-state connectivity following multi-day repetitive TMS (rTMS) to individualised parietal-hippocampal networks. We aimed to assess the reproducibility and network- and cognitive-specificity of these effects following multi-day rTMS. Participants received four days of 20 Hz rTMS to a subject-specific region of left lateral parietal cortex exhibiting peak functional connectivity to the left hippocampus. In a separate week, the same stimulation protocol was applied to a subject-specific region of pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) exhibiting peak functional connectivity to the left putamen. We assessed changes to associative memory before and after each week of stimulation (N = 39), and changes to resting-state functional connectivity before and after stimulation in week one (N = 36). We found no evidence of long-lasting enhancement of associative memory or increased parieto-hippocampal connectivity following multi-day rTMS to the parietal cortex, nor increased pre-SMA-putamen connectivity following multi-day rTMS to pre-SMA. Instead, we observed some evidence of site-specific modulations of functional connectivity lasting ~24 h, with reduced connectivity within targeted networks and increased connectivity across distinct non-targeted networks. Our findings suggest a complex interplay between multi-day rTMS and network connectivity. Further work is required to develop reliable rTMS paradigms for driving changes in functional connectivity between cortical and subcortical regions.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityJoshua Hendrikse, James P. Coxon, Sarah Thompson, Chao Suo, Alex Fornito, Murat Yücel and Nigel C. Rogasch
dc.identifier.citationCortex, 2020; 132:423-440
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.cortex.2020.08.028
dc.identifier.issn0010-9452
dc.identifier.issn1973-8102
dc.identifier.orcidRogasch, N.C. [0000-0002-4484-1069]
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2440/133182
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.grantNHMRC
dc.relation.grantARC
dc.rights© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.08.028
dc.subjectrTMS; hippocampus; functional connectivity; memory; neuroplasticity
dc.subject.meshParietal Lobe
dc.subject.meshHumans
dc.subject.meshMagnetic Resonance Imaging
dc.subject.meshReproducibility of Results
dc.subject.meshCognition
dc.subject.meshTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation
dc.titleMulti-day rTMS exerts site-specific effects on functional connectivity but does not influence associative memory performance
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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