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Surface doping in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-based nanoscale films: insights for polymer electronics

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dc.contributor.authorRudd, S.
dc.contributor.authorMahjoub, R.
dc.contributor.authorSwitalska, E.
dc.contributor.authorBassell, C.
dc.contributor.authorSchmerl, N.
dc.contributor.authorCavallaro, A.A.
dc.contributor.authorStanford, N.
dc.contributor.authorEvans, D.R.
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractConducting polymers such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) are widely researched for application in electronic devices. Researcher's look to exploit the ability of these polymers to conduct electrical charge. To induce conductivity, the polymers are doped with counterions; for PEDOT, this is typically done with poly(styrenesulfonate) or tosylate (Tos). The Tos anions inserted within the PEDOT nanostructure stabilize positive defects (holes) on the polymer's conjugated backbone, which, in turn, facilitates electrical conduction. In this study, we use X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to investigate the Tos doping of PEDOT within the outermost region (< 15 nm) of electrochemically oxidized or reduced PEDOT:Tos nanoscale films. Computation of the predicted density of states from density functional theory studies is also conducted to aid in interpreting the ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy spectra. We observe that the doping of PEDOT:Tos is more complex than first thought, likely involving the nonionic triblock copolymer used during PEDOT's oxidative polymerization. This hypothesis is corroborated by time-of -flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry measurements on the outer 2 nm of the oxidized and reduced PEDOT:Tos. The observation of complex and heightened doping near the surface opens opportunities for the deliberate surface engineering of PEDOT:Tos nanofilms in polymer electronic applications such as electrochemical transistors and electrical connections.
dc.identifier.citationACS Nano, 2022; 5(9):12143-12153
dc.identifier.doi10.1021/acsanm.2c02071
dc.identifier.issn1936-0851
dc.identifier.issn2574-0970
dc.identifier.orcidStanford, N. [0000-0002-2578-9795] [0000-0002-3298-4249]
dc.identifier.orcidEvans, D.R. [0000-0002-1525-2249]
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11541.2/30294
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Society
dc.relation.fundingRoss Metcalf SIEF STEM+Business Fellowship
dc.relation.fundingNational Computational Merit Allocation Scheme (NCI NCMAS mk63)
dc.rightsCopyright 2022 American Chemical Society Access Condition Notes: Accepted manuscript available on Open Access after 1 October 2023
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.2c02071
dc.subjectcharge transport
dc.subjectconducting polymer
dc.subjectdensity of states
dc.subjectPEDOT
dc.subjectx-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
dc.titleSurface doping in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-based nanoscale films: insights for polymer electronics
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished
ror.fileinfo12249828670001831 13249838850001831 Open Access Postprint
ror.mmsid9916667630401831

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