Lanthanide doping induced electrochemical enhancement of Na₂Ti₃O₇ anodes for sodium-ion batteries
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Date
2018
Authors
Xia, J.
Zhao, H.
Pang, W.K.
Yin, Z.
Zhou, B.
He, G.
Guo, Z.
Du, Y.
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Chemical Science, 2018; 9(14):3421-3425
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Jiale Xia, Hongyang Zhao, Wei Kong Pang, Zongyou Yin, Bo Zhou, Gang He, Zaiping Guo and Yaping Du
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Abstract
Na₂Ti₃O₇ is considered as a promising anode material for sodium ion batteries (SIBs) due to its excellent high-rate performance compared with hard carbons. However, the electrochemical performance of Na₂Ti₃O₇ is heavily limited by its low electrical conductivity. In this study, we synthesized a series of lanthanide (Ln = La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Er, and Yb) doped microsized Na₂Ti₃O₇ anode materials and systematically studied the electrochemical performance. Compared with pristine Na₂Ti₃O₇, all the doped samples show superior electrochemical performance. Especially, the Yb³⁺ doped sample not only delivers a high reversible capacity of 89.4 mA h g⁻¹ at 30C, but also maintains 71.6 mA h g⁻¹ at 5C after 1600 cycles, nearly twice that of pristine Na₂Ti₃O₇. It is found for the first time that the enhancement in doped samples is attributed to the introduction of lanthanides which induces lattice distortion and oxygen vacancies.
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This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence.