Quantum projection noise in an atomic fountain: a high stability cesium frequency standard

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dc.contributor.authorSantarelli, G.
dc.contributor.authorLaurent, P.
dc.contributor.authorLemonde, P.
dc.contributor.authorClairon, A.
dc.contributor.authorMann, A.G.
dc.contributor.authorChang, S.
dc.contributor.authorLuiten, A.N.
dc.contributor.authorSalomon, C.
dc.date.issued1999
dc.description.abstractWe describe the operation of a laser cooled cesium fountain clock in the quantum limited regime. An ultrastable cryogenic sapphire oscillator is used to measure the short-term frequency stability of the fountain as a function of the number of detected atoms N<inf>at</inf>. For N<inf>at</inf> varying from 4 × 10<sup>4</sup> to 6 × 10<sup>5</sup> the Allan standard deviation of the frequency fluctuations is in excellent agreement with the N<inf>at</inf><sup>-1/2</sup> law of atomic projection noise. With 6 × 10<sup>5</sup> atoms, the relative frequency stability is 4 × 10<sup>-14</sup>τ<sup>-1/2</sup>where Τ is the integration time in seconds. This is the best short-term stability ever reported for primary frequency standards, a factor of 5 improvement over previous results. © 1999 The American Physical Society.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityG. Santarelli, Ph. Laurent, P. Lemonde, and A. Clairon, A. G. Mann, S. Chang, and A. N. Luiten, C. Salomon
dc.identifier.citationPhysical Review Letters, 1999; 82(23):4619-4622
dc.identifier.doi10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.4619
dc.identifier.issn0031-9007
dc.identifier.issn1079-7114
dc.identifier.orcidLuiten, A.N. [0000-0001-5284-7244]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/101093
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmerican Physical Society
dc.rights© 1999 The American Physical Society
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.82.4619
dc.titleQuantum projection noise in an atomic fountain: a high stability cesium frequency standard
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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