Maternal metabolic factors and the association with gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Date
2022
Authors
Habibi, N.
Mousa, A.
Tay, C.T.
Khomami, M.B.
Patten, R.K.
Andraweera, P.H.
Wassie, M.
Vandersluys, J.
Aflatounian, A.
Bianco-Miotto, T.
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Journal article
Citation
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, 2022; 38(5)
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Nahal Habibi, Aya Mousa, Chau Thien Tay, Mahnaz Bahri Khomami, Thiannon K. Patten, Prabha H. Andraweera, Molla Wassie, Jared Vandersluys, Ali Aflatounian, Tina Bianco-Miotti, Shao J. Zhou, Jessica A. Grieger
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Abstract
Gestational diabetes (GDM) is associated with several adverse outcomes for the mother and child. Higher levels of individual lipids associate with risk of GDM, and metabolic syndrome, a clustering of risk factors also increases risk for GDM. Metabolic factors can be modified by diet and lifestyle. This review comprehensively evaluates the association between metabolic syndrome and its components, measured in early pregnancy, and risk for GDM. Databases (CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) were searched from inception to 5 May 2021. Eligible studies included ≥1 metabolic factor (waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, measured at <16 week's gestation. At least two authors independently screened potentially eligible studies. Heterogeneity was quantified using I<sup>2</sup> . Data were pooled by random-effects models and expressed as odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals. Of 7213 articles identified, 40 unique articles were included in meta-analysis. In analyses adjusting for maternal age and body mass index, GDM was increased with increasing fasting plasma glucose (OR 1.92; 95% CI 1.39-2.64, k=7 studies) or having metabolic syndrome (OR 2.52; 1.65, 3.84, k=3). Women with overweight (OR 2.17; 95% CI 1.89, 2.50, k=12) or obesity (OR 4.34; 95% CI 2.79-6.74, k=9) also were at increased risk for GDM. Early pregnancy assessment of glucose or the metabolic syndrome, offers a potential opportunity to detect and treat individual risk factors as an approach toward GDM prevention; weight loss for pregnant women with overweight or obesity is not recommended. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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First published: 14 April 2022
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© 2022 The Authors.Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License,which permits use,distribution and reproduction in any medium,provided the original work is properly cited.