Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation in Skin Wound Healing
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(Published version)
Date
2022
Authors
Hassanshahi, A.
Moradzad, M.
Ghalamkari, S.
Fadaei, M.
Cowin, A.J.
Hassanshahi, M.
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Journal article
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Cells, 2022; 11(19):2953-1-2953-14
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Alireza Hassanshahi, Mohammad Moradzad, Saman Ghalamkari, Moosa Fadaei, Allison J. Cowin and Mohammadhossein Hassanshahi
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Abstract
Macrophages are key immune cells that respond to infections, and modulate pathophysiological conditions such as wound healing. By possessing phagocytic activities and through the secretion of cytokines and growth factors, macrophages are pivotal orchestrators of inflammation, fibrosis, and wound repair. Macrophages orchestrate the process of wound healing through the transitioning from predominantly pro-inflammatory (M1-like phenotypes), which present early post-injury, to anti-inflammatory (M2-like phenotypes), which appear later to modulate skin repair and wound closure. In this review, different cellular and molecular aspects of macrophage-mediated skin wound healing are discussed, alongside important aspects such as macrophage subtypes, metabolism, plasticity, and epigenetics. We also highlight previous studies demonstrating interactions between macrophages and these factors for optimal wound healing. Understanding and harnessing the activity and capability of macrophages may help to advance new approaches for improving healing of the skin.
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Published: 21 September 2022
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© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).