The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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dc.contributor.authorAnderson, E.
dc.contributor.authorHowe, L.
dc.contributor.authorJones, H.
dc.contributor.authorHiggins, J.
dc.contributor.authorLawlor, D.
dc.contributor.authorFraser, A.
dc.contributor.editorWong, V.
dc.date.issued2015
dc.description.abstractNarrative reviews of paediatric NAFLD quote prevalences in the general population that range from 9% to 37%; however, no systematic review of the prevalence of NAFLD in children/adolescents has been conducted. We aimed to estimate prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in young people and to determine whether this varies by BMI category, gender, age, diagnostic method, geographical region and study sample size.We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all studies reporting a prevalence of NAFLD based on any diagnostic method in participants 1-19 years old, regardless of whether assessing NAFLD prevalence was the main aim of the study.The pooled mean prevalence of NAFLD in children from general population studies was 7.6% (95%CI: 5.5% to 10.3%) and 34.2% (95% CI: 27.8% to 41.2%) in studies based on child obesity clinics. In both populations there was marked heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 98%). There was evidence that prevalence was generally higher in males compared with females and increased incrementally with greater BMI. There was evidence for differences between regions in clinical population studies, with estimated prevalence being highest in Asia. There was no evidence that prevalence changed over time. Prevalence estimates in studies of children/adolescents attending obesity clinics and in obese children/adolescents from the general population were substantially lower when elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was used to assess NAFLD compared with biopsies, ultrasound scan (USS) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Our review suggests the prevalence of NAFLD in young people is high, particularly in those who are obese and in males.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityEmma L. Anderson, Laura D. Howe, Hayley E. Jones, Julian P. T. Higgins, Debbie A. Lawlor, Abigail Fraser
dc.identifier.citationPLoS ONE, 2015; 10(10):e0140908-1-e0140908-14
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0140908
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.orcidLawlor, D. [0000-0002-6793-2262]
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/98662
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherPublic Library of Science
dc.rights© 2015 Anderson et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140908
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectPopulation Surveillance
dc.subjectPrevalence
dc.subjectRisk Factors
dc.subjectAdolescent
dc.subjectChild
dc.subjectChild, Preschool
dc.subjectInfant
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectYoung Adult
dc.subjectNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
dc.subjectBiomarkers
dc.titleThe prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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