From Biowaste to Lab-Bench: Low-Cost Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for RNA Extraction and SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostics

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dc.contributor.authorYu, L.
dc.contributor.authorAdamson, P.
dc.contributor.authorLay Yap, P.
dc.contributor.authorTung, T.
dc.contributor.authorMakar, S.
dc.contributor.authorTurra, M.
dc.contributor.authorHiggins, G.
dc.contributor.authorLosic, D.
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstractThe gold standard for diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus is based on real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using centralized PCR facilities and commercial viral RNA extraction kits. One of the key components of these kits are magnetic beads composed of silica coated magnetic iron oxide (Fe2O3 or Fe3O4 ) nanoparticles, needed for the selective extraction of RNA. At the beginning of the pandemic in 2019, due to a high demand across the world there were severe shortages of many reagents and consumables, including these magnetic beads required for testing for SARS-CoV-2. Laboratories needed to source these products elsewhere, preferably at a comparable or lower cost. Here, we describe the development of a simple, low-cost and scalable preparation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) from biowaste and demonstrate their successful application in viral RNA extraction and the detection of COVID-19. These MNPs have a unique nanoplatelet shape with a high surface area, which are beneficial features, expected to provide improved RNA adsorption, better dispersion and processing ability compared with commercial spherical magnetic beads. Their performance in COVID-19 RNA extraction was evaluated in comparison with commercial magnetic beads and the results presented here showed comparable results for high throughput PCR analysis. The presented magnetic nanoplatelets generated from biomass waste are safe, low-cost, simple to produce in large scale and could provide a significantly reduced cost of nucleic acid extraction for SARS-CoV-2 and other DNA and RNA viruses.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityLe Yu, Penelope Adamson, Pei Lay Yap, Tran Tung, Shaheer Makar, Mark Turra, Geoff Higgins, and Dusan Losic
dc.identifier.citationBiosensors, 2023; 13(2):196-196
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/bios13020196
dc.identifier.issn2079-6374
dc.identifier.issn2079-6374
dc.identifier.orcidYu, L. [0000-0001-6354-1240]
dc.identifier.orcidTung, T. [0000-0002-1535-5109]
dc.identifier.orcidMakar, S. [0000-0002-2556-1096]
dc.identifier.orcidLosic, D. [0000-0002-1930-072X]
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2440/137693
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI AG
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/15000003
dc.rights© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/bios13020196
dc.subject: SARS-CoV-2; real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); RNA extraction; magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles; biowaste; bacterial biofilm
dc.subject.meshHumans
dc.subject.meshRNA, Viral
dc.subject.meshClinical Laboratory Techniques
dc.subject.meshSensitivity and Specificity
dc.subject.meshLaboratories
dc.subject.meshCOVID-19
dc.subject.meshSARS-CoV-2
dc.subject.meshCOVID-19 Testing
dc.titleFrom Biowaste to Lab-Bench: Low-Cost Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for RNA Extraction and SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostics
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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