Effect of Exercise on Depressive Symptoms in Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis
| dc.contributor.author | Ahola, Kristiina | |
| dc.contributor.school | School of Psychology | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020 | |
| dc.description | This item is only available electronically. | en |
| dc.description.abstract | Background: Depression is debilitating and highly prevalent among adults with multiple sclerosis (MS). Exercise may reduce symptoms of depression; however, the different biases present in uncontrolled studies could overestimate, or underestimate, noted treatment effects. Aim: To review the available evidence for the effectiveness of exercise training targeted to MS based on the ‘gold’ standard randomised controlled trial. Methods: Fifteen independent studies, comprising a pooled sample of 544 adults with relapsing-remitting or progressive MS, were identified from the Cochrane Library, Embase, PEDro, PsycINFO, and PubMed databases. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed with the PEDro scale. Hedges’ g, fail-safe Ns, heterogeneity, and p-values were calculated using random effects modelling. The moderating effects of exercise type (aerobic vs. nonaerobic), exercise volume (i.e., total number of sessions), and baseline depression scores were additionally examined. Results: Most studies reported adequate methodological details, although blinding of participants and administering therapists were criteria unfulfilled. Exercise programs resulted in immediate and large improvements in mood (g = .79, 95% CI [.39, 1.19], p < .01). However, conclusions could not be drawn for longer-term effectiveness (g = -.18, 95% CI [-.50, .14], p = .28; Nstudies = 4). Univariate meta-regressions revealed a significant moderating effect for exercise volume. Depressed adults who took part in exercise programs also displayed significantly greater improvements than controls. Conclusion: Exercise efficacy for post-MS depression can be maximised by bolstering session volume and duration for those who are most prone to respond. The influence of exercise type on depression outcomes remains unclear. | en |
| dc.description.dissertation | Thesis (B.PsychSc(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Psychology, 2020 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/2440/131013 | |
| dc.provenance | This electronic version is made publicly available by the University of Adelaide in accordance with its open access policy for student theses. Copyright in this thesis remains with the author. This thesis may incorporate third party material which has been used by the author pursuant to Fair Dealing exceptions. If you are the author of this thesis and do not wish it to be made publicly available, or you are the owner of any included third party copyright material you wish to be removed from this electronic version, please complete the take down form located at: http://www.adelaide.edu.au/legals | |
| dc.subject | Honours; Psychology | en |
| dc.title | Effect of Exercise on Depressive Symptoms in Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | en |
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