The effect of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on aggressive behaviour in adult male prisoners: a structured study protocol for a multi-centre, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial and translation into policy and practice

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dc.contributor.authorMeyer, B.J.
dc.contributor.authorByrne, M.K.
dc.contributor.authorCortie, C.H.
dc.contributor.authorParletta, N.
dc.contributor.authorJones, A.
dc.contributor.authorEckermann, S.
dc.contributor.authorButler, T.
dc.contributor.authorGreenberg, D.
dc.contributor.authorBatterham, M.
dc.contributor.authorFernandez, F.
dc.contributor.authorSchofield, P.W.
dc.contributor.authorWinberg, P.C.
dc.contributor.authorBowles, K.
dc.contributor.authorDally, J.
dc.contributor.authorMartin, A.M.
dc.contributor.authorGrant, L.
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractBackground Interventions to better manage aggressive behaviour and reduce recidivism are a primary concern for corrective services. Nutritional interventions to correct prisoner behaviour have been largely overlooked in the literature. Emerging evidence suggests that dietary intake influences aggressive behaviours and that nutritional supplementation with omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) could attenuate both the severity and frequency of aggressive behaviour. Methods Adult male prisoners who have a history of aggressive behaviour (n = 600) will be recruited from at least 6 Correctional Centres and randomised to receive either n-3 LCPUFA or placebo supplementation for a 16-week duration. Treatment will be with either 1 g/day of n-3 LCPUFA (694 mg DHA and 397 mg EPA) or placebo capsules, which are a corn/soy oil blend and are identical in size and colour. The primary outcome measure is the Inmate Behavioural Observation Scale (IBOS): an objective measure of aggressive behaviour. Secondary outcome measures include questionnaires (including aggression, attention deficit disorder, impulsivity, depression/anxiety/stress scales), engagement in programmes, recidivism and quality of life. Baseline and post-intervention assessments include the IBOS, questionnaires and blood to measure the levels of n-3 LCPUFA. Discussion To conclusively test the potential that increasing n-3 LCPUFA intakes can improve rates of prisoner aggression and associated mental health and violence-related social system management costs, we propose an adequately powered multi-centre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial, examining the effects of n-3 LCPUFA supplementation on aggressive behaviour in adult male prisoners. If successful, this study will inform prisoner policy with respect to nutrition and by inference contribute to a broader community approach to preventative mental health practices. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12618001665224 . Registered on 10 October 2018.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityBarbara J. Meyer, Mitchell K. Byrne, Colin H. Cortie, Natalie Parletta, Alison Jones, Simon Eckermann, Tony Butler, David Greenberg, Marijka Batterham, Francesca Fernandez, Peter W. Schofield, Pia C. Winberg, Kate Bowles, Jean Dally, Anne-Maria Martin, and Luke Grant
dc.identifier.citationTrials, 2021; 22(1):318-318
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s13063-021-05252-2
dc.identifier.issn1745-6215
dc.identifier.issn1745-6215
dc.identifier.orcidJones, A. [0000-0002-1105-6195]
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2440/139171
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer Science and Business Media LLC
dc.relation.granthttp://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/GNT1113396
dc.rights© The Author(s). 2021 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05252-2
dc.subjectOmega-3; Aggressive behaviour; Attention deficit disorder; Mental health; Violence; Correctional centres; Jails; Incarcerated; Prisoner; Inmate
dc.subject.meshHumans
dc.subject.meshFatty Acids, Omega-3
dc.subject.meshDouble-Blind Method
dc.subject.meshAggression
dc.subject.meshQuality of Life
dc.subject.meshDietary Supplements
dc.subject.meshAdult
dc.subject.meshPrisoners
dc.subject.meshAustralia
dc.subject.meshMale
dc.subject.meshMulticenter Studies as Topic
dc.subject.meshRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic
dc.subject.meshPolicy
dc.titleThe effect of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on aggressive behaviour in adult male prisoners: a structured study protocol for a multi-centre, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial and translation into policy and practice
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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