Longitudinal relationships between caloric expenditure and gray matter in the cardiovascular health study

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dc.contributor.authorRaji, C.
dc.contributor.authorMerrill, D.
dc.contributor.authorEyre, H.
dc.contributor.authorMallam, S.
dc.contributor.authorTorosyan, N.
dc.contributor.authorErickson, K.
dc.contributor.authorLopez, O.
dc.contributor.authorBecker, J.
dc.contributor.authorCarmichael, O.
dc.contributor.authorGach, H.
dc.contributor.authorThompson, P.
dc.contributor.authorLongstreth, W.
dc.contributor.authorKuller, L.
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstractBackground: Physical activity (PA) can be neuroprotective and reduce the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In assessing physical activity, caloric expenditure is a proxy marker reflecting the sum total of multiple physical activity types conducted by an individual. Objective:To assess caloric expenditure, as a proxy marker of PA, as a predictive measure of gray matter (GM) volumes in the normal and cognitively impaired elderly persons. Methods: All subjects in this study were recruited from the Institutional Review Board approved Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), a multisite population-based longitudinal study in persons aged 65 and older. We analyzed a sub-sample of CHS participants 876 subjects (mean age 78.3, 57.5% F, 42.5% M) who had i) energy output assessed as kilocalories (kcal) per week using the standardized Minnesota Leisure-Time Activities questionnaire, ii) cognitive assessments for clinical classification of normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD, and iii) volumetric MR imaging of the brain. Voxel-based morphometry modeled the relationship between kcal/week and GM volumes while accounting for standard covariates including head size, age, sex, white matter hyperintensity lesions, MCI or AD status, and site. Multiple comparisons were controlled using a False Discovery Rate of 5 percent. Results: Higher energy output, from a variety of physical activity types, was associated with larger GM volumes in frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes, as well as hippocampus, thalamus, and basal ganglia. High levels of caloric expenditure moderated neurodegeneration-associated volume loss in the precuneus, posterior cingulate, and cerebellar vermis. Conclusion:Increasing energy output from a variety of physical activities is related to larger gray matter volumes in the elderly, regardless of cognitive status.
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityCyrus A. Raji, David A. Merrill, Harris Eyre, Sravya Mallam, Nare Torosyan, Kirk I. Erickson, Oscar L. Lopez , James T. Becker, Owen T. Carmichael, H. Michael Gach, Paul M. Thompson, W.T. Longstreth, Jr. and Lewis H. Kuller
dc.identifier.citationJournal of Alzheimer's Disease, 2016; 52(2):719-729
dc.identifier.doi10.3233/JAD-160057
dc.identifier.issn1387-2877
dc.identifier.issn1875-8908
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2440/107273
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherIOS Press
dc.relation.grantN01-HC-055222
dc.rights© 2016 – IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved This article is published online with Open Access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License.
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.3233/jad-160057
dc.subjectAging; dementia risk; energy expenditure; neuroimaging; neuroprotection; physical activity
dc.titleLongitudinal relationships between caloric expenditure and gray matter in the cardiovascular health study
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.publication-statusPublished

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